Adiponectin, a protein secreted by adipocytes, gained a special medical attention in the past two decades mostly due to its relation to obesity, a major health problem worldwide. Moreover, adiponectin has shown to have a preventive effect on insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Lately, obesity has been classified as a chronic inflammatory state, whereby dysregulated adipocytes and high infiltration of macrophages shift toward the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6 among others. This status contributes to a decrease in adiponectin levels, thus leading to the emergence of obesity related complications. This review will focus on the hormone adiponectin and its mechanisms of action in relation to insulin resistance, diabetes, cardiovascular effect and atherosclerosis. It will also cover the various therapeutic approaches aiming to increase the levels of this important cytokine, and to highlight the promising role of AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor agonist, and of diet.

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IntroductionThe skin has a unique plasticity and regenerative abilities which are partly impaired in diabetics. On the other hand, amygdalin or vitamin B17 has an array of functions affecting inflammation and cell regeneration.AimThis study aimed to assess the effect of amygdalin on burn wound healing in diabetic ratsMaterials and methodsSixty‐four male Sprague‐Dawley rats were subjected to burn according to standard published models. Diabetes was induced by sterptozocin and treatment by vitamin B17 followed every other day for 28 days, the duration of the experiment. Biopsies were taken on days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 for light microscopy evaluation and cytokines modulation.ResultsHistological assessment of the burn wounds showed a remarkable improvement in earlier healing, smaller wound area and a better scar in the amygdalin treated group. In addition, a significant decrease in the inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1α, Il‐6 and IL‐12) was noted.ConclusionAmygdalin improved burn wound healing in diabetic rats, in quality and time.Support or Funding InformationPh D Program (University of Palermo and American University of Beirut)This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.