Different social groups’ access to high-quality and inexpensive medical, especially dental, services remains quite a topical question in many countries. There are various forms of solution to this problem. Cooperatives are one of them. They are unique socially oriented organizations that make life easier for millions of people around the world. However, in many countries cooperatives in the dental care sector are still unusual, albeit very promising organizations. The article reveals the features of the cooperative as a unique form of self-help for the population, based on solidarity and ethical principles. The types, features and scales of cooperatives’ development in separate sectors of different countries’ economies are shown. The experience of cooperatives’ activity in the sphere of medical and dental services of some countries is summarized; the existing models have been described. The hypothesis about possibility of creating other, more complex and potentially promising models of cooperatives in medical and dental services sector in the Industry 4.0 has been performed. Based on this hypothesis, several innovative theoretical models of cooperatives have been developed. They can be created by both doctors (dentists) and patients (consumers of medical and dental services).