Ullrich-Turner syndrome occurred in one of a pair of female twins. The chromosome constitution of the affected twin was 45,X/46,XX and that of the normal twin 46,XX. Investigation of banded chromosomes, red cell antigens, HLA types, red cell enzymes, and serum proteins indicates monozygosity. The twins are discordant for height, pterygium colli, ovarian function, strabismus, dental eruption, external ear formation, hearing loss, and performance scores on the Wechsler Intelligence Test. All of these differences can be attributed to X monosomy in one cell line in the affected twin, presumably resulting from mitotic nondisjunction or anaphase lag early during embryonic development. Ten other pairs of apparently monozygotic twins discordant for the Ullrich-Turner syndrome have been reported previously, and the findings in these cases are reviewed.

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The shift from below median to above median value was considered an important factor in treatment planning. The data indicate that there is considerable risk for treatment planning prior to the age of 8 years. The risk is highest when the children are less than 6 years of age due to growth prediction uncertainties.

The Etruscans were a group of agricultural people who evolved into an urban population of craftsmen, traders, and navigators who lived in a network of cities and dominated the area of the Mediterranean around Italy in the 8th and 9th centuries BC. What has come to be known, and is of importance in our study of the history of dentistry are a significant number of very interesting works of art which include gold dental prostheses. The Etruscan prostheses are remarkable because they used gold bands which were soldered into rings instead of the gold wires which are seen in other cultures (Egyptians, Phoenicians) of the same time.