Takayasu arteritis (TA) is now recognized worldwide and is a disease that mainly affects the aorta and its main branches. TA rarely involves the small or medium-sized vessels. Certain vascular lesions, such as arterial stenosis, occlusion, and aneurysm are common with TA. However, patients with new-onset TA who present with left main trunk acute non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction are extremely rare. We report a 16-year-old female patient with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction due to severe stenosis of the left main coronary artery that was caused by TA. She was eventually diagnosed with TA and underwent successful coronary artery stenting combined with glucocorticoids and folate reductase inhibitor therapy. Over the 1-year follow-up, she experienced two episodes of chest pain and was admitted to the hospital. During the second hospitalization, coronary angiography (CAG) revealed 90% stenosis of the original left main trunk (LM) stent. Following percutaneous coronary angiography (PTCA), drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty was performed. Fortunately, a clear diagnosis of TA was made, and treatment was initiated with an interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor inhibitor. Early diagnosis and therapy for TA are emphasized.

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Backgroud: Present electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria for diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) usually have low sensitivity, while the newly proposed SD + SV4 criterion, namely the deepest S-wave amplitude in any lead (SD) plus SV4 amplitude, has been reported to have higher sensitivity and accuracy compared with other existing criteria. We aimed to further evaluate the diagnostic value of the SD + SV4 criterion in reference to the gold standard cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in LVH diagnosis.Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 138 patients who received CMR examination-60 patients with reduced ejection fraction (EF) and 78 patients with preserved EF. The left ventricular mass index (LVMI) measured by CMR was used as the gold standard for diagnosing LVH. Result:The diagnostic value of the SD + SV4 criterion was compared with other 4 commonly used criteria. By CMR, 29 out of 138 people (21%) were diagnosed with LVH in reference to CMR. The SD + SV4 criterion had markedly higher sensitivity in diagnosing LVH compared with other criteria, but no higher specificity. There was no significant difference in area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve among these criteria. The SD + SV4 criterion was not markedly consistent with CMR in diagnosing LVH. Compared to the other criteria, the SD + SV4 criterion had the highest sensitivity in patients with reduced ejection fraction; however, the area under the curve (AUC) of the SD + SV4 criterion in patients with reduced EF was significantly lower than in patients with preserved EF. Conclusion:The newly proposed SD + SV4 criterion did not have a better diagnostic value compared with other existing criteria, and the statistical power of the SD + SV4 criterion was influenced by EF.

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