Aus Knollen von Cyclamen europaeum L. werden die 3 Triterpensaponine Cyclamin sowie Desgluco-cyclamin I und I1 kristallin isoliert. Durch Untersuchung von Abbauprodukten der Permethylglykoside sowie der durch Bromwasserstoff/Eisessig-Abbau von Peracetylcyclamin erstmals gewonnenen Oligosaccharide Cyclamotetrose, Cyclamotriose A und B wird Cyclamin als 3p]-a-~-arabinopyranosyloxy}-1 6a-hydroxy13fL28-epoxy-oleanal-(30) (1) strukturell aufgeklart. Im Desgluco-cyclamin I fehlt die Glucose in 3-Stellung der mittelstandigen Glucose, im Desgluco-cyclamin I1 hingegen die Glucose in 2-Stellung der Arabinose. Triterpenes, X X I V . The Constirution of the Sugar Chain of CyclaminThree crystalline triterpene glycosides, cyclamin and the deglucocyclamins I and 11 are isolated from the bulbs of Cyclamen europaeurn L. By investigation of the degradation products of the permethylglycosides and the oligosaccharides cyclamotetrose, cyclamotriose A and B first obtained from peracetylcyclamin by hydrogen bromide/glacial acetic acid degradation the structure of cyclamin is ascertained as 3~-(O-~-~-gIucopyranosyl- -16a-hydroxy-l3~,28-epoxyolean-30-al(l). In deglucocyclamin I the glucose in position 3 of the centrally situated glucose is absent, whereas in deglucocyclamin 11 the glucose in position 2 of the arabinose is absent.Die im Altertum medizinisch verwendeten, heute jedoch nicht mehr gebrauchlichen saponinhaltigen Drogen aus Cyclamen europaeurn L. (wildes Alpenveilchen) enthalten als wirksamen Bestandteil das Triterpenglykosid Cyclamin (l)*). Dieses weist einen gegenuber den meisten bekannten Saponinen sehr hohen hamolytischen Index sowie eine starke antimykotische und bakteriostatische Aktivitat auf3).
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