A cluster area "H" consists of 4 carbonate gas fields producing dry gas from N-A reservoir in the Northern area of Oman. These fields are producing with different maturity levels since 1968. An FDP study was done in 2006 which proposed drilling of 7 additional vertical wells beside the already existing 5 wells to develop the reserves and enhance gas production from the fields. The FDP well planning was based on a seismic amplitude "QI" study that recommended drilling the areas with high amplitudes as an indication for gas presence, and it ignored the low amplitude areas even if it is structurally high. A follow up study was conducted in 2010 for "H" area fields using the same seismic data and the well data drilled post FDP. The new static and dynamic work revealed the wrong aspect of the 2006 QI study, and proved with evidence from well logs and production data that low seismic amplitudes in high structural areas have sweet spots of good reservoir quality rock. This has led to changing the old appraisal strategy and planning more wells in low amplitude areas with high structure and hence discovering new blocks that increased the reserves of the fields.Furthermore, water production in these fields started much earlier than FDP expectation. The subsurface team have integrated deeply with the operation team and started a project to find new solutions to handle the water production and enhance the gas rate. The subsurface team also started drilling horizontal wells in the fields to increase the UR, delay the water production and also reduce the wells total CAPEX by drilling less horizontal wells compared to many vertical as they have higher production and recovery. These subsurface and surface activities have successfully helped to stabilize and increase the production of "H" area cluster by developing more reserves and handling the water production.

Objectives & Scope The objectives of this study are to determine new sweet spots & fluid content of the current discovery. Where, the Lower cretaceous carbonate reservoir units (Thamama) are among the most important hydrocarbon producing reservoirs in onshore Abu Dhabi. However, the studied field is considered as a marginal field, where the several cycles which affect the oil industry have emphasized the role for full integrated control of technical solutions for the development of such fields. Thus, an integrated feasibility study has been carried out to investigate the adding value of the seismic inversion and reservoir characterization. The area of study is located in southeast onshore Abu Dhabi. The studied field has been discovered and tested oil in Thamama carbonate units and is currently preparing for the first oil production. Challenges & Procedures Carbonates rocks are strongly modified by diagenetic process which influence the petrophysical properties to varying degrees. In carbonates, the influence of geological attributes is biased towards depositional properties in case of the use of texture and towards diagenetic attribute when using pore type. The main challenge is to locate new save optimized candidates for infill wells securing the production plateau and minimizing the risks behind the reservoir facies/quality and seismic resolution. To meet the objective, an integrated seismic reservoir characterization study was carried out by first a careful conditioning of the well logs and the seismic gathers data, followed by preserved AVO angle stack generation. Then, the rockphysics, fluid substitution, and wavelets estimation. The information was then used to conduct pre-stack AVO simultaneous inversion to generate several elastic attributes such as Acoustic & Shear Impedances, VpVs, and density. This was followed by detailed Litho-Porosity prediction as well as water saturation.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the most common viral pathogens affecting the cattle industry worldwide. The present study aimed to molecularly characterize BVDV isolates that are currently circulating in breeding bulls farmed with cattle suffering from reproductive disorders, and also to assess the consequences of BVDV infection on bulls’ semen quality and conception, and its pathological effects on the structure of testicular tissue and spermatozoa. For this purpose, semen, serum, and testicular samples were collected from four breeding bulls in four private dairy farms in the governorates of Kafr-El Sheik, Beni-Suef, Giza, and Assuit, in Egypt from April 2019 to May 2020. An evaluation of sperm abnormalities was carried out by assessing the integrity of the plasma and acrosomal membranes where severe damage and abnormalities were found. Ultrastructure analysis of the spermatozoa by transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of a swollen plasma membrane with segmented outer acrosomal membrane of spermatozoa and vacuolar degenerated mitochondria. Histopathological examination of testicular and epididymal tissues indicated moderate to severe degenerative effects of virus infection on seminiferous tubules with hypospermatogenesis. By detection of virus antigen in the serum samples using ELISA, bulls were identified as persistently infected with BVDV. Virus isolation revealed four noncytopathic (NCP-BVDV) strains that were confirmed by fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) and amplification of the 5′ untranslated genomic region (5’UTR) and molecularly typed by amplification of the Erns glycoprotein region. Isolates’ Phylogenetic analysis revealed two subgenotypes: BVDV-1b (Genbank accession numbers; LC634512, LC634513, LC634515) and BVDV-1d (LC634516). According to the knowledge of the authors of the present study, the circulation of the BVDV-1d subgenotype is not reported in Egypt. Therefore, it would be of great importance to track circulating strains in specific countries for successful vaccination programs or accurate diagnostic tests, and this necessitates regular updates.

The aim was evaluation of 5 years experience in correction of cases of bilateral wide complete cleft lip with short , deviated or protruded prolabium and promaxilla.Patients and methods: 20 children with wide complete cleft lip were corrected at the age of 3-6 months. Anterior palate was closed in all corrected children in two layers. The anomalies associate cleft lip as deviated prolabium and promaxilla was centralized by fracturing the vomer, the protruded prolabium and promaxilla were pushed backward after submucous excision of a bony triangle from the vomer and the short prolabium was elongated by tissues transferred from both sides. Facial appearance and complete healing was assessed in all corrected patients.Results: the 20 patients were corrected with excellent cosmetic appearance and no remaining anterior fistulas. The anterior palate was closed easily before lip repair without any remaining fistula, this palatal repair supported lip repair and helped in prevention of lip dehiscence. The function was good in all corrected children. Conclusion:Wide cleft lip with protruded, short prolabium can be safely repaired with good cosmetic and functional outcomes. The anterior palate should be closed with lip correction while it is better to delay closure of the posterior palate to another operation.