This study is devoted to the analysis of high-quality economic development in Latin American countries. Under the guidance of the new development concept strategy, the evaluation index system for the high-quality economic development level of Latin American countries is constructed from the six dimensions of economic strength, innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing, and the entropy weight method is used to calculate the weight of each evaluation index. Based on UTM projection coordinate quantification and K-Means clustering algorithm, the spatial effect clustering model of Latin American countries is established. According to the two dimensions of geographical location and comprehensive index, Latin American countries are divided into different economic zones, and the agglomeration effect in the process of economic development of Latin American countries is analyzed from a spatial perspective.

Since the “Belt and Road” Initiative was put forward in 2013, it has attracted more and more attention. Many countries along the Belt and Road have participated in it, which has further deepened regional economic integration. Complex network analysis is an interdisciplinary method, which has a perfect overall perspective and data indicators that can quantify the relationship. More and more scholars have begun to pay attention to it and use it to carry out research. Based on the perspective of complex networks, this paper constructs the “Belt and Road” directed weighted network, respectively, according to the import and export trade data of countries and international organizations that have signed cooperation documents, and then studies the characteristics of the “Belt and Road” trade network by using a variety of network topology attribute analysis methods and node centric indicators.