Background: The Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) was created in 2018, and a 5-point VI-RADS scoring system was proposed to determine whether the muscularis of the bladder has been infiltrated by tumor tissues. Purpose: To verify the accuracy of the VI-RADS scoring system in predicting muscle-invasive bladder cancer and to explore its value in clinical application. Materials and methods: A total of 220 patients with bladder cancer who underwent multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging from January 2017 to June 2019 were selected. Then, two radiologists with equivalent qualifications gave their diagnoses of bladder tumors on T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast enhanced imaging. Meanwhile, the bladder tumor was also scored on the basis of the VI-RADS system; for multifocal tumors, the highest tumor load was selected for scoring. Furthermore, the final pathological results of the patients were unknown during the imaging diagnosis and scoring. Next, the VI-RADS score was compared with the pathological results after surgery, and the ability of the VI-RADS score to assess the degree of muscularis infiltration was finally analyzed. Results: A total of 220 patients were included in our study, including 194 males and 26 females. Among them, the pathological results were 113 cases of muscle-invasive bladder cancer and 107 cases of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between the pathological results and VI-RADS score (r = 0.821, P < 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the VI-RADS score was 0.960 (95% CI: 0.937, 0.983). When the VI-RADS score was above 3, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of predicting muscle-invasive bladder cancer were 82.3, 95.3 and 88.64%, respectively. Conclusion: The VI-RADS scoring system has good diagnostic value in predicting the degree of tumor invasion and can be used to guide clinical decision-making and management.

Hepatoid carcinomas (HCs) are a group of heterogeneous tumors that are similar to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Pancreatic hepatoid carcinoma (PHC) is a very rare disease. The present study presents the case of a 63-year-old male patient with PHC with synchronous liver, spleen and stomach metastasis, in an aim to enhance our understanding of this disease. A 63-year-old male presented with abdominal distension for 3 months and slightly developed asthenia and anorexia. Laboratory tests of serum tumor markers revealed the alpha fetoprotein level was markedly elevated (>10,00.0 ng/ml). The radiological findings of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed a malignant tumor in the tail of the pancreas with synchronous liver, spleen, stomach and retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis. A post-operative immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the tumor cells in the tail of the pancreas exhibited positivity for glypican-3; right liver positivity was also observed for CK-18 and weak positivity for glypican-3, suggestive of primary PHC. On the whole, PHC is very rare, and exhibits morphological features similar to those of HCC. Its diagnosis is mainly achieved via morphological analysis and immunohistochemical staining of the tissue specimens, since the clinical manifestation and laboratory test results are often unspecific.

Melanoma is a common skin cancer associated with ultraviolet light exposure and genetic variance. However, the etiology and molecular mechanisms of melanoma remain unknown. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can play key roles in the development and prognosis of this disease. In this study, we reviewed several pivotal miRNAs that may contribute to melanoma by involvement in the processes of invasion, migration, and metastasis of melanoma cells.

Low b value images demonstrated superior anatomical details when compared to high b value images. Tumor tissue definition was high and contrast with the surrounding tissues was good. DWI was useful in diagnosing pancreatic cancer.