Under active icing conditions, the heat transfer performance of the CPHE has a significant impact on the system’s efficiency and energy consumption. Using the enthalpy-porosity method for describing the solidification process of liquids, the simulation and analysis of the effects of different parameter changes on the CPHE heat transfer performance were conducted to clarify the effects of the changes in the intermediary side inlet water temperature, intermediate water flow rate, and cold water flow rate on the heat transfer process in the CPHE. According to our results, changing the intermediary inlet water temperature has a greater impact on the heat transfer process in the cold-water phase-change heat exchangers. For every decrease of 0.5 °C in the intermediary side inlet water temperature, the average heat transfer coefficient increases by approximately 50 W/m2-K. Changes in the intermediary water flow rate affect the cold water phase-change heat exchanger’s heat transfer process. By increasing the intermediary water flow rate, the average heat transfer coefficient of a cold water phase-change heat exchanger can be improved, but the growth decreases, and the maximum flow rate of the intermediary water should not exceed 0.5 m per second. A change in the cold water flow rate in the cold water phase-change heat exchanger’s heat transfer process has a small impact on the cold water flow rate, increasing by 0.02 m/s each, with the average heat transfer coefficient increasing by 20 W/m2-K.

In order to study the influence on the effective energy efficiency ratio, the energy consumption characteristics of a cold-water phase change heat pump system are discussed in this article. An experimental system of the cold-water phase-change energy heat pump system is designed and constructed, and then the deicing energy consumption and unit energy consumption of the heat pump system are analyzed by computational intelligence-powered methods. At last, the primary energy utilization ratio of the heat pump system is calculated. The results show that under the setting conditions, the deicing capacity of the heat pump system is about 0.135, the primary energy utilization ratio is about 1.145, and the COP (coefficient of performance) of the heat pump unit is between 2.8 and 3.2. Considering the system’s deicing energy consumption, the effective COP of the unit is between 2.42 and 2.76, so from this point, this kind of heat pump system can be widely used in the future. In order to improve the effective COP of the unit, the processes of ice making and melting should be further optimized to reduce heat loss and power loss.

In view of the deterioration of the performance of air source heat pump at low temperature in cold regions and the large fluctuation of solar heating systems, a heat pump system with low-temperature heat storage using sodium chloride aqueous solution as the phase change thermal storage material is proposed. The system form and its operation scheme, unit energy consumption model and economic evaluation index are given. The influence of different concentrations of sodium chloride solution corresponding to different heat storage temperatures and different areas of solar collectors on the system operation economy is studied, and simulation analysis and optimization are carried out and the operation efficiency and operation economy of the system are analyzed with an actual residential building in a cold region as an example. The results show that with the increase of collector area, the lower the sodium chloride concentration, the higher the heat storage temperature and the higher the coefficient of performance (COP) of the system; the larger the collector area, the higher the COP of the system, but the payback period decreases first and then extends with the increase of the collector area. When the system sodium chloride solution concentration is 5.3% and the collector area is 372m2, there is a minimum payback period for the winter heating of 3000m2 building in this case, and at this time, the COP of the system is 2.37, which is 20% higher than that of the traditional air source heat pump. The payback period of the system is 7.7 years, and the contribution rate of the solar collector system is 53%. The solar air source heat pump system with low temperature phase change heat storage significantly improves the operation performance of the system and has good energy saving benefits.

Aiming at the performance deterioration of air source heat pump at low temperature in cold area, an air source heat pump system with sodium chloride aqueous solution as low temperature phase change heat storage material was proposed to increase the air inlet temperature of the unit under low temperature conditions and improve the low temperature performance of the heat pump unit. The system form, unit energy consumption model, and economic model were given, and the operating economy of the traditional electric auxiliary heat air source heat pump system and the phase change heat storage air source heat pump system were compared through computational intelligence powered methods. On this basis, the operation economy of the heat pump system using different concentrations of sodium chloride solution as the heat storage material was simulated and optimized, and the operation efficiency and energy-saving performance of the system were analyzed by taking an actual residential building in a cold area as an example. The simulation results showed that the Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) of the heat pump system using 8.5% sodium chloride aqueous solution as the heat storage material is 2.24, and the HSPF of the traditional electric auxiliary heat pump system is 1.83. Compared with the traditional electric auxiliary heat pump system, the phase change heat storage heat pump system saves heating energy consumption by 19.6% and defrosting energy consumption by 38.8%. The heat pump system using 10% sodium chloride aqueous solution as the heat storage material has the best operating economy, and the system HSPF is 2.33, which saves heating energy consumption by 23.2% and defrosting energy consumption by 34% compared with the traditional heat pump system. The operation condition of phase change heat storage air source heat pump system is stable, and the system performance is significantly improved.