The emergence and persistence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) causing acute diarrhea is a major public health challenge in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance phenotypes of DEC isolated from stool samples collected from children less than 5 years of age with acute diarrhea living in Ouagadougou/Burkina Faso. From August 2013 to October 2015, this study was carried out on 31 DEC strains of our study conducted in “Centre Médical avec Antenne Chirurgicale (CMA)” Paul VI and CMA of Schiphra. DEC were isolated and identified by standard microbiological methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used to further characterize them. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done based on the disk diffusion method. DEC isolates were high resistant to tetracycline (83.9%), amoxicillin (77.4%), amoxicillin clavulanic acid (77.4%), piperacillin (64.5%), and colistin sulfate (61.3%). The most resistant phenotype represented was the extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype (67.7%). Aminoglycosides were 100% active on enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC). All the DEC isolates exhibited absolute (100%) sensitivity to ciprofloxacin. Monitoring and studying the resistance profile of DEC to antibiotics are necessary to guide probabilistic antibiotic therapy, especially in pediatric patients.

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is important bacteria of children’s endemic and epidemic diarrhea worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of DEC isolated from stool samples collected from children with acute diarrhea living in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. From August 2013 to October 2015, stool samples were collected from 315 children under 5 years of age suffering from diarrhea in the “Centre Médical avec Antenne Chirurgicale (CMA)” Paul VI and the CMA of Schiphra. E. coli were isolated and identified by standard microbiological methods, and the 16-plex PCR method was used to further characterize them. Four hundred and nineteen (419) E. coli strains were characterized, of which 31 (7.4%) DEC pathotypes were identified and classified in five E. coli pathotypes: 15 enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (48.4%), 8 enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (25.8%) with 4 typical EPEC and 4 atypical EPEC, 4 enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (12.9%), 3 enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) 9.67%, and 1 enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) 3.2%. The use of multiplex PCR as a routine in clinical laboratory for the detection of DEC would be a useful mean for a rapid management of an acute diarrhea in children.

The study investigated the prevalence and antibioresistance profil of Salmonella sp. serovars isolated from eggs and poultry in stock farming. A total of 245 eggs and 98 laying hens fecal matters from different breeding sheds were collected. The samples were processed for identification and serotyping of Salmonella sp using microbiological standard methods and Kauffman-White scheme respectively. Salmonella sp isolates antibiotic susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was tested by disk diffusion method. A total of 63 Salmonella isolates were recovered with positive samples from eggs (11.8%) and from faecal matter (12.24%). The successful serotyping of 53/63 isolates revealed the presence of S. 51%). Ten strains (15.87%) were untypable and ten (15.87%) belong to different serogroups such F and O. All the sérotypes shown resistance to at least one antibiotic while, 41 (65.08%) were multi-resistant to Erythromycin, Streptomycin, Tetracycline, Ceftriaxon, while high sensitivity was recorded for Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin, Nalidixic acid, Imipenem, Cephalexin, Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and Colistin Sulfate. These results suggest that eggs from stock farming are contaminated and harbour resistant Salmonella sp. It highlights worry in antibiotics use in stock farming, the need for farm workers and consumers education about safe handling of eggs.

Conventional treatment of children with severe gastroenteritis is based on antibiotic therapy. Due to the emergence of Multi-Drug resistant bacteria and pediatric therapeutic failures, this study was undertaken to determine resistance phenotypes of Salmonella spp. responsible for children, gastroenteritis. most resistant phenotype represented was the Extended Spectrum β-lactamases phenotype (60.4%).Multi-Drug Resistant Salmonella spp. is becoming predominant among Enterobacteriaceae prevalent in pediatric services. These strains becoming resistant to the first-line antibiotics could increase the severity of the situation of Salmonella gastroenteritis in Burkina Faso.

Background: The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a major public health problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries such as Burkina Faso. This study aims to determine phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) from patients with diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methodology: Microbiological and biochemical analysis were done to detect two hundred and ninety-two (292) strains. The susceptibility of the strains to antibiotics was determined by the agar disc diffusion method. 16-plex-PCR assays were carried out to detect both virulence and resistance genes encoding betalactams, quinolones, phenicols, tetracyclines and virulence gene of DEC. Results: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was detected in 8% (23/292) of patients with diarrhea using the 16-plex-PCR and 39.1% (9/23) of the DEC detected carry at least one resistance gene. Resistance rate in disc diffusion test was 86.96% to tetracycline, 65.23% to cotrimoxazole, 17.4% to nalidixic acid, 17.4% to norfloxacin, 17.4% to ciprofloxacin, 13.04% to ceftriaxone, 13.04% to cefotaxime, 8.7% to gentamicin, 8.7% to Chloramphenicol, 0% to netilmicin. The prevalence of different resistance genes in the studied strains varied from 44.4% to 5.5%. The gene Tet coding for resistance to tetracycline was found in 8 strains (44.4%). The CatA gene coding for resistance to Chloramphenicol was detected in 38.9% of isolates. The qnrS, bla SHV and bla OXA genes were each detected in 5.5% of isolates. No strain hosts the qnrA, qnrB and bla TEM genes. Conclusion: This study identified β-lactams, quinolones, phenicols and te-