Background: Type 2 diabetes now has the dimensions of a pandemic, and in Algeria, diabetes is a serious public health problem. More than 1.4 million adults (6.95%) of the adult population suffer from it. This study analyzes type 2 diabetes in relation to some risk factors in the Ghazaouet region (west Algeria), showing the impact of inbreeding, heredity, certain socio-demographics, clinical and biological factors on the frequency of this disease. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, case-control study of a population of 161 people, including 69 diabetics and 92 controls, at the PH (Public Hospital) in Ghazaouet. The data were analyzed by a logistic regression, processed by the Minitab version 16. Results: In this population, type 2 diabetes is statistically associated with age, sex, family history of diabetes, consanguinity and hypertension (p <5%). The variables used by the logistic regression model as risk factors for diabetes in this region are age, family history of diabetes, and high blood pressure. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes in this region is largely related to hereditary factors and high blood pressure. A better understanding of these factors is essential for the establishment of effective prevention policies.