A study was done to access the best suited mechanical weed control method in eggplant crop as use of mechanical methods in eggplant crop will enhance the crop growth and reduce the use of herbicides and chemicals that affect the soil properties of crop. The weeding efficiency of the wheel hoe1 and wheel hoe2 was calculated at different levels of forward speed and depth of weeding in Allahabad region in eggplant crop at 21st, 40th and 75th day after sowing. The plant damage was recorded at the fifth day after the weeding operation was performed in the field. The plant damage increased as the speed of operation increased but the depth of operation had no significant effect on the plant damage. Plant damage was dependent upon the skill of the operator and environmental factors like sunshine, wind etc

An Egg brooder (incubation unit) was developed in Advance institute of Science and Technology at Maya Group of Colleges, Dehradun to demonstrate and evaluate the performance. The main focus of this research was to bring on a cost efficient interface for farmers to boost the outcome of poultry birds for small and marginal scale of farmers also involve in poultry production. The capacity of the incubation unit was kept 25 for trials and 6 trails were done from July, 2022 to November, 2022 with dependent variables viz. humidity and temperature. Humidity was maintained between 60% to & 70% .During the 1st week, temperature was controlled to 39.4ºC which was decreased and maintained to 38.9 ºC in 2nd and 3rd week. The eggs were turned gently by hands at 180 º side to side. In the trials the incubated eggs were seen fit enough to grow into healthy poultry birds, giving overall hatchability as 86.52%

An investigation was carried out to study the effect of processing parameters on osmotic dehydration in sugar solution and liquid jaggery and to evaluate the quality of the osmotically dehydrated product after tray drying. A Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the level of concentration (500 , 600 , 700 ), temperature (350 ,400 ,450 ), solution to sample ratio (2, 3.5, 5) and agitation (0,100,200rpm). Optimization was done on the basis of overall acceptability. The samples were analyzed for drying characteristics, proximate analysis (moisture content, titratable acidity) and sensory evaluation. Investigations indicated that the lowest moisture content observed was at high levels of operating conditions ( 700 Brix, 450 C, ratio – 5 and agitation – 200 rpm) , while the highest was at low levels of parameters i.e. 500 Brix, 250 C, ratio – 2 and no agitation. The moisture content after the osmotic treatment was in the range between 51.81 and 70.38 % (w.b.) while the final moisture content after tray drying varied from 15.11 – 19.20 % (w.b.). It was also found that weight of the material was reduced by more than 50% using osmotic dehydration. The water loss was in range 27.43- 58.96%, based on initial solid content. On the basis of studies conducted using RSM, the optimum operating condition observed in case of osmotic dehydration process with sugar solution was 69.5 % concentration, 44.5 0C temperature, solution to sample ratio was 2 and agitation speed was 185 rpm while in liquid jaggery solution the optimum operating condition observed was 59.5 % concentration, 38 0C temperature, solution to sample ratio was 5 and agitation speed 185 rpm. The product osmotically dehydrated in sugar solution was found to be better than that when it was osmotically dehydrated in liquid jaggery as overall acceptability value of sugar solution was more than jaggery solution.

No abstract

In Uttarakhand, due to adverse climatic condition, protected cultivation is a very extensively used method for cultivation of horticultural crops viz. tomato, capsicum, strawberry etc. The present study was carried out in the crop research farm of Maya Group of Colleges, Dehradun in which a single roll farmyard manure applicator was designed and developed and its performance evaluation was done on two plots, one plot was an open field of size 2.5 *1.2 m2 and other was under protected cultivation was 200 m2 at different FYM delivery rates and application rates. The mean draft requisite of single roll paddle operated farmyard manure applicator at no load condition under open field and polyhouse was found to be65N and 68 with a power requirement of 24.7 KW and 25.84 KW at forward speed of 0.38 m/s respectively. In case of full load condition under open field and polyhouse was found to be134 N and 144 N with a power requirement of 178.22 KW and 191.52 KW at forward speed of 1.33 m/s respectively. The efficiency of machine was found to be highest at the speed of 4.48 km/h but leftover residue was found lowest at aperture opening of 8mm. Therefore, developed single roll paddle operated farmyard manure applicator was found working satisfactorily with prominent draftabilty of operator at different forward speed.