Introduction:The fracture of skull is considered as severe injury and have grave prognosis. It is mainly because of complications of the acute head injury affect the brain directly or indirectly. Compound depressed fractures are surgical emergencies and unless t reated promptly and properly complications like meningitis, cerebral abscess and osteomyelitis of skull may occur. Objectives: to determine the causes of depressed fracture skull and its complications and also to find out various presentation and sever ity of depressed skull fracture and effective modality of management. Materials and Methods: A prospective study undertaken at department of surgery in coordination with emergency department. Detailed inquiry was done about history of demographic data, presenting symptoms and other diseases done. General, central nervous system examination, other systems examination and local examination were done thoroughly and documented. Patients were treated accor ding conservatively and operatively as per decision taken by surgeon. Results: Out of total 100 patients, assault (43%) was most common, followed by vehicular accident (41%), fall of patients (15%) and fall of object on the patients (1%). Patients with severe head injury (GCS<8) were 16 with 7 death after management. Among 94 cases of compound fractures, 34 cases frontal region, 6 had temporal, 9 had fronto-parietal, 25 had parietal, 15 had temporo-parietal and 6 had occipital fracture. Dura tear was seen in 21% of the cases. Among total 100 patients 44 treated operatively and 56 treated conservatively. Conclusion:Conservative management is better in patients with CT scan suggestive of depressed skull fracture nor more than 10 mm and not intracranial hematoma. Patients with depressed skull fracture with more than 10 mm with severe head injury and associate hematoma are better managed operatively.

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Feline injection site sarcoma (FISS), formerly known as vaccine associated sarcoma (VAS), is a rare but life-threatening disease. The incidence estimates have varied from one case of FISS per 1000–10 000 cats vaccinated in North America and between one per 5000–12 500 vaccination visits in UK. It has been primarily associated with vaccine administration, but several other injectable materials/substances have been implicated as aetiologic agents, namely lufenuron, penicilin, metilprednisolone, meloxicam, non-absorbable suture material and microchip. FISS can have a long latency period (3 months to 13 years), but 8 years old is the average age of onset. FISS are tumours that arise subcutaneously, reaching a variable number of layers beneath the skin (muscle, bone). They are firm, not painful, solid and variable in size. Clinical assessment and biopsy are the basis for FISS diagnosis. In order to prevent FISS, vaccination should be carefully planned and be provided in easily resectable regions. Hind legs, tail and flanks, are preferable regions for vaccine administration.

This is an interesting case of myiasis found in the umbilicus in an eight-day-old infant with successful treatment. Because of its connection to the vital abdominal organs, any suspicion of infections around the umbilicus always requires immediate medical attention.

Background: The advent of antimicrobial therapy has offered an important adjuvant to the prevention of surgical infection. In spite of vast accumulation of research and review published there are still conflicting views. Some study shows multiple doses require for the eradication of microorganisms in the wound. While numerous authors have reported that single dose of an appropriate antibiotic is effective, but there has been no direct comparison of one dose against three doses regimens. Objective was to study about effect and safety of single dose of antibiotic against routine multiple dose regimens in clean and clean-contaminated abdominal surgeries.Methods: Patients recruited in the study according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were divided in two groups: group I and group II. Group I was given single dose of injection cefotaxime. While another group was given 5 days course of injection cefotaxime and injection amikacin or injection ciprofloxacin and injection metronidazole. Postoperative wound was assessed by Southampton wound grading system.Results: The rate of wound infection on 3rd day was for 16.30% for group I and 13.82% for group II. The infection rate decrease on 7th post-operative day and it was 13.04% for group I and 11.7% for group II.Conclusions: Long course of antibiotic as prophylaxis has no added advantage. Good operative technique plays a major role in preventing infections. Single dose antibiotic regimen has comparable infection rate for clean surgical cases and it saves lot of money in this era of cost containment.