Background: The estimation of genetic diversity in pigeonpea is crucial for desiging breeding programmes and germplasm conservation. Morphological studies alone do not provide sufficient information to understand genetic diversity. Molecular analysis using SSRs can provide additional information on genetic diversity that can be used for selection of diverse parents. Methods: The experimental material for present study consisted of 50 diverse genotypes of pigeonpea. The fifty genotypes were planted in Randomized Complete Block Design consisted of three replications during the kharif 2020-21. The estimation of morphological genetic diversity was done by Mahalanobis D2 statistics. The molecular genetic diversity analysis was done by using 30 molecular markers in same genotypes. Result: The assessment of morphological diversity revealed that the fifty pigeonpea genotypes were grouped into four different clusters with cluster I as the largest cluster (33 genotypes). The molecular markers differentiated the 50 genotypes in five major clusters with cluster II as the largest cluster (24 genotypes). The results of present study suggested that morphological and molecular diversity in pigeonpea is different. On the basis of genetic distance, the genotypes RVSA 2014-1 and PA 406 were found most genetically distant and may be used in hybridization programme to create diverse progenies.

Background: In pigeonpea, very less information is available on the interrelationship between combining ability, parental genetic diversity and heterosis. Methods: The experiment was conducted using randomized block design during kharif 2017-18 at GBPUAT, Pantnagar with 36 genotypes (8 parents and 28 F1 hybrids). The combining ability was estimated by using the Griffing’s, Method II, Model I. The genetic diversity (GD) was estimated by using the D2 statistics. The correlation between heterosis and different parameters viz., parental mean (PM), specific combining ability (SCA), mean of general combining ability (MGCA) and genetic diversity (GD) were estimated by using Pearson’s correlation. Result: The hybrids viz., Pant A 441 × AH 09-47 (65.33 g), Pant A 441 × Pusa 2013-2 (64.33 g), Pusa 992 × Pant A 441 (62.67 g), UPAS 120 × Pant A 441 (59.67 g) and UPAS 120 × Pusa 992 (58 g) were found as most promising hybrids for seed yield while the parents Pant A 441 can be used as donor for high seed yield. The estimation of genetic diversity among parents revealed that three different clusters were present. PM, MGCA and SCA were found to be reliable parameters to predict the heterosis.

Background: The findings of the present research will provide an indepth understanding of important parameters contributing to heterosis in pigeonpea. Methods: Combining ability effects and heterosis of crosses were determined among 45 hybrids developed by crossing 10 elite pigeonpea genotypes in half diallel fashion. The combining abilities were estimated by using Griffing’s, Method II and Model I. Result: The SCA followed by MGCA (mean general combinig ability of parents) were observed as the most reliable parameters to predict heterosis. High per se performance of parents and high genetic diversity does not lead to high heterosis. The parents having high x low per se performance, good x poor GCA effects and medium genetic diversity resulted in high frequency of heterotic hybrids. The results indicated that the hybrid Paras x PA 624 exhibited maximum mid parent, better parent and standard heterosis for seed yield.

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Background: In lentil, the information on relationship between combining ability, parental genetic diversity and heterosis is very scanty and need to be explored further. Methods: The present investigation was carried out in randomized block design with three replications during rabi 2020-21 at GBPUAT, Pantnagar with 55 genotypes (10 parents and 4p5 F1’s hybrids). The Griffing’s, Method II, Model I was used to estimate combining ability. The D2 statistics was used to measure genetic diversity (GD). The Pearson’s correlation was used to measure correlation between heterosis and different parameters viz., parental mean (PM), specific combining ability (SCA), mean of general combining ability (MGCA) and genetic diversity (GD). Result: The hybrids viz., PL 8 x PL 4 (2.1 g), PL 8 x L 4147 (2.11 g), PL 8 x L 4076 (2.13 g), PL 8 x PL 406 (2.27 g), PL 8 x PL 5 (2.32 g) and PL 8 x PL 7 (2.52 g) were identified as most promising hybrids for seed yield while the parents PL 8 (2.14 g) and PL 7 (2.07 g) can be used as donors for high seed yield. The SCA were found to be the most reliable parameters to predict heterosis.