Aspiration of foreign bodies is common in a pediatric age group but adults can also be at risk. We describe management of two adult trauma victims with aspirated tooth. In the first case, foreign body went missing for sometime by intensive care physician and detected by radiologist while it was obvious in the second case. Both the patients were managed with the help of rigid bronchoscopy. Tooth should be removed as soon as possible or it may result in complete airway obstruction or lung collapse.

Purpose of the Study:99mTechnetium-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) bone scan images have limited number of counts per pixel, and hence, they have inferior image quality compared to X-rays. Theoretically, global histogram equalization (GHE) technique can improve the contrast of a given image though practical benefits of doing so have only limited acceptance. In this study, we have investigated the effect of GHE technique for 99mTc-MDP-bone scan images.Materials and Methods:A set of 89 low contrast 99mTc-MDP whole-body bone scan images were included in this study. These images were acquired with parallel hole collimation on Symbia E gamma camera. The images were then processed with histogram equalization technique. The image quality of input and processed images were reviewed by two nuclear medicine physicians on a 5-point scale where score of 1 is for very poor and 5 is for the best image quality. A statistical test was applied to find the significance of difference between the mean scores assigned to input and processed images.Results:This technique improves the contrast of the images; however, oversaturation was noticed in the processed images. Student's t-test was applied, and a statistically significant difference in the input and processed image quality was found at P < 0.001 (with α = 0.05). However, further improvement in image quality is needed as per requirements of nuclear medicine physicians.Conclusion:GHE techniques can be used on low contrast bone scan images. In some of the cases, a histogram equalization technique in combination with some other postprocessing technique is useful.

Introduction: Cervical spinal cord is important and radiosensitive. It is the most critical organ for the head and neck (H&N) cancer patients during radiotherapy. If dos delivered to the cord is more than tolerance dose, demyelination may occur. Current study aims to analyze the post radiotherapy status of cord in the H&N cancer patients.Materials and Methods: Sixty patients who received more than 50 Gray (Gy) dose for more than 10 cm length of spinal cord participated in the study. All the patients were clinically examined and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed for patients who had demyelination symptoms. Adequate medical management was provided for all the patients having demyelination.Results: Out of sixty patients, ten cases were reported with demyelination symptoms, and only six cases gave consent for this study. One patient was found to have irreversible demyelination while five patients have reversible demyelination.Conclusions: Demyelination may occur if long segment spinal cord receives dose more than tolerance limit. However target dose should not be compromised up to 54 Gy to spinal cord.

Nivolumab, a fully human immunoglobulin G4 anti–programmed cell death 1 antibody, provides a novel therapy option for patients with metastatic cancers. Immunotherapy agents have been associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which may be detected on 18F-FDG PET/CT. Cutaneous toxicities are one of the most common irAEs in the form of maculopapular rash (eczema-like spongiotic dermatitis) and pruritus. These irAEs may lead to false-positive findings on PET/CT done during the treatment. One should be aware of the potential irAEs while interpreting PET/CT to avoid misinterpretation.