This study aims to determine the effect of some types of manure on growth and production of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) cv. Taiwan. The expected results of this research can determine which is the type of manure suitable for the area of the former coal mines that have acid soils (marginal lands). This research using Complete Random Design with four treatments and six replications. The treatment is different source of manure which is control, cow manure, goat manure, and chicken manure. The parameters observed were plant growth including plant height, leaf width, leaf length, fresh weight production, and dry weight production. This study uses the acid soils of the former coal mine with a pH of 4.2 which is input into the polybags, seedlings of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) cv Taiwan in the form of cuttings, Cow, goat and chicken dung are used as a source of manure. This research was conducted in the green house for 60 days. The results of the research obtained the data for plant height (cm) the highest Goat Manure (P2) 229.85; leaf Length (cm) the highest Goat Manure (P2) 113.10: Leaf width (cm) the highest Goat Manure (P2) 5.50; Production of Fresh Weight (gr/polybag) the highest Goat Manure (P2) 1361.67; the Production of Dry Weight (gr/polybag) the highest Goat Manure (P2) 214.28. The conclude that the manure suitable for the area of the former coal mines that have acid soils (critical area) is the manure from goat because it produces the highest growth and production than others.

The purpose of this study is to determine the quality of epididymis spermatozoa of buffalo after preservation with TALP media by adding serum with different level. The method used in this study is the experimental method and the design used is a randomized block design (RBD) with 3 treatment by adding bovine serum (0%, 5%, and 10%) and there are 6 replications as a group (repetition in the form of days). The result showed that the addition of serum into TALP diluent had a significant effect (P>0, 05) on the percentage of the motility of cauda epididymis spermatozoa of swamp buffalo after preservation which was 73, 33 in P2 10% serum and the viability is 79,167 ± 2,04 on P2 10%. This can be used as an indicator that the serum is effective in protecting spermatozoa from damages during the cryopreservation process, so by that, it would improve the quality of cauda epididymal spermatozoa of swamp buffalo. While the percentages of abnormality of cauda epididymis spermatozoa of swamp buffalo after preservation did not have a significant effect (P>0, 05). Based on the result of this study it can be concluded that the addition of 5% serum and 10% addition of egg yolk and 5% addition of glycerol will improve the quality of motility and viability and had no adverse effect on abnormalities after the preservation process at low temperature.

This study purposed to determine the quality of Buffalo’s epididymis Spermatozoa on the TALP (Tyrode Albumin Sodium Lactate Sodium Pyruvate) fertilization at the 5°C temperature. The Randomized Block Design used on this research with 3 treatments and 5 blocks as replication. The treatments were additional serum: P1 (0%), P2 (10%) and P3 (20%). The results showed that the highest motility was on the treatment P3 (20%), about 66.00±9.45 was significantly effect (P<0.05) than P1 and P2. The highest percentage of live on P3 (20%) was 75.20±2.41 and significantly effect (P<0.05) than P1 and P2. The best percentage of abnormality was also on the P3 (20%) i.e.14.20±1.30 significantly effect (P<0.05) compare P1 and P2. It could be concluded that the addition of 20% serum in TALP media as a fertilization medium can improve the buffalo’s spermatozoa quality of caudal epididymis.