Alternaria blight caused by Alternaria brassicae (Berk) Sacc. and A. brassicicola (Schw) Wiltshire is one of the most common and destructive disease of rapeseedmustard. The experiments were conducted under field condition to develop effective management strategies for this disease through evaluation of genotypes for resistance and application of fungicide, bio-agents and botanical. Out of 200 promising genotypes evaluated for resistance, none of the entry was found resistant, twenty two genotypes namely DLSC-1, DRMR-261, DRMR-270, GSC-101, GSL-1, NPC-20 and PHR-2, CNH-11-13, CNH-11-7, EC-552608, HNS-1001, PAB 04-10, PAB 05-16, PAB 05-19, PAB 09-05, PAB-2004-4, PAB-2005, PPBJ 5, PPBJ-2, PPBJ-3, PPBN 3 and PPBN-2 were moderately resistant and 63 genotypes moderately susceptible. Seed treatment with Apron @ 6g/Kg seed and spray of all fungicides, bio-agents and botanical extract, significantly reduced the blight severity in comparison to the untreated control (water spray). Of the fungicides, Nativo @ 0.05% was found most effective followed by Difenconazole @ 0.05%, Iprodione @ 0.2, Folicure @ 0.2, Difolatan@ 0.2, Mancozeb @ 0.2, Antracol @ 0.25, Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 1.0, Trichoderma harzianum @ 1.0 and Garlic bulb extract @ 1.0 which showed 8. 70%, 14.62%, 16.27%, 16.41%, 18.54%, 20.51%, 21.42%, 24.27%, 25.42%, and 26.83%, severity, respectively after third spray of each chemical, bio-agents and botanical extract. The disease severity of water spray control was 69.10%. Same tread was also recorded with per cent disease control. Maximum seed yield (kg/ha) and yield increase (%) of 1740.22, 37.90 was recorded with the treatment Nativo @ 0.05% followed by Difenconazole @ 0

Cancer immunotherapy has considerably raised patient survival rates and significantly improved patients' quality of life in comparison to the gold standard of care, which includes chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. Immunotherapy has firmly established itself as a novel pillar of cancer care across the board, from the metastatic stage all the way through adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment in a wide variety of cancer types. In this overview, the primary emphasis will be placed on the seminal moments in the history of cancer immunotherapy that prepared the way for the cutting-edge treatments that are available today. Cancer treatment that makes use of medicinal herbs and the phytocompounds that can be obtained from those herbs is becoming an increasingly attractive option. It has been demonstrated in a number of clinical studies that the use of herbal medicines in conjunction with conventional therapy can increase survival rates, immunological modulation, and quality of life (QOL) in patients who have cancer. In addition to this, we highlight the challenges and restrictions currently faced by cancer checkpoint immunotherapy as well as the cutting-edge research being conducted in the fields of individualized cancer vaccines, autoimmunity, the microbiome, the microenvironment of tumors, and metabolomics to find solutions to these problems. For hundreds of years, practitioners of traditional medicine have depended on treatments derived from plants. Many studies on their use have been carried out all over the world, and some of the findings have led to the development of medicines that are derived from plants. The global market for medicinal plant products is estimated to be worth more than one hundred billion dollars each year. This research investigates the role, contributions, and utility of medicinal plants in the context of the current strategic methods to disease prevention, notably lung cancer, which is a public health concern. The focus of this research is on the current strategic approaches to disease prevention.

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