Elderly people have spent a lot of time in the world and have experienced things that future generations will never witness and certainly will not understand. They have taught us respect, manners, traditions, appreciation of things, and how to accept and deal with life experiences. [1] According to an estimate, India will be having the highest aged population in the world by 2025. [2] The quality of life (QOL) of the elderly people has become relevant with the demographic shift toward an aging society. There are indications that the concepts and concerns related to QOL in the elderly people are different from those of the general population. A majority of the elderly people evaluate the QOL positively on the basis of social contacts, dependency, health, material circumstances, and social comparisons. [3] Background: Aging is an unavoidable and irreversible change as a result of demographic transition in all societies. Family support for the elderly people has become a very important issue in examining the overall well-being of the elderly people. Family support is playing a key role in determining the quality of life (QOL) of the aged people. Objective: The main aim of the research was to find the factors determining the QOL and family support of elderly people. Material and Methods: An exploratory descriptive design was followed to obtain error-free results. A total of 213 elderly people were consecutively recruited from a randomly selected setting. Results: The elderly men reported a better quality of life. Elderly people who had received a formal education also reported a good quality of life. Those who were financially independent had a healthier QOL. Medically healthy elderly people had enhanced QOL. Those who performed their daily activities independently also had superior QOL. Elderly people who got support from their family members had an enhanced QOL. Those who reported having no major problems in their life also had a superior QOL. The educated elderly people had perceived better family support. Medically healthy aged people perceived better family support. Conclusion: This study found that there are various factors such as gender, education, financial independence, and family support determined the QOL of the aged. Similarly, education, wealth, and family support were the predictors for family support of the elderly people.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is one of the most prevalent chronic gastrointestinal diseases, which is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. The pathophysiological mechanisms are not completely clear for IBS, multiple factors such as genetic, psychosocial, environmental, visceral hypersensitivity, low-grade inflammation, gastrointestinal motility changes, food components, and intestinal microbiota are thought to play a role in the disease process of IBS. The rapid progression of recent microbiome research using advanced microbiological technologies has shed light on dysbiosis related to the pathophysiology of IBS. We used PubMed, PubMed Central, and Medline as our primary databases to search for articles using keywords and medical subject heading (MeSH) keywords on April 30, 2022, to render a total of 4062 articles. Then, a total of 10 articles were selected following a quality assessment. Despite the variable findings in different studies, most studies have concluded that IBS patients have a reduction in bacterial diversity and an increase in the temporal instability of the microbiota. IBS is known as a stress disorder, and the gut-microbiome-brain axis has been associated with the pathogenesis of the disease. Additionally, the potential of dietary manipulation of gut microbiota and the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in the treatment of IBS has been studied in recent years and shown promising results. We concluded that the gut microbiome plays a substantial role in the pathophysiology of IBS.

Background: Anaemia is a global public health problem. Adolescents are vulnerable to iron deficiency because of increased iron requirements related to rapid growth. Considerable changes in growth pattern, lifestyle, dietary habits, and behavior are likely to influence the haemoglobin levels among adolescents belonging to high-income group. Aims & Objective: The objective of the study was to determine haemoglobin status and body mass index (BMI) in adolescents and study the correlation between them. Materials and Methods: Three hundred medical students of Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (SGRDIMSAR, Amritsar, Punjab, India) belonging to both the sexes were studied after taking consent on format for anthropometric parameters using standard protocol. BMI of ≥18.5 kg/m 2 was used to define undernutrition status. Haemoglobin level was estimated in g%. Statistical analyses were carried out using mean and standard deviation; Student's t-test was used for measuring the effect of gender on correlation of Anaemia with BMI. Results: In our study, 86 (45.7%) girl students were found to have Anaemia (Hb <12 g%) with only 2 (1.7%) boys had haemoglobin levels <12 g%; 67 (60%) boys were overweight whereas 34 (18%) girls showed undernutrition. A positive correlation of haemoglobin with grades of BMI was found in both in boys and girls; however, none of the correlation showed significance to the levels of <0.05. Conclusion: Nutritional Anaemia and undernutrition prevailed more among girl students rather than boys in spite of being literate and having healthy nutritive diet. We recommend that adolescents be screened periodically for Anaemia, and multisectorial community-based approach should be adopted to combat this serious public health issue.

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||ABSTRACT Background: Mental distress is defined as unpleasant mental or emotional state, often impairing one's ability to cope with day-to-day living. The undergraduate medical training is a stressful period and medical students undergo tremendous stress during various stages of the MBBS course. Aims and Objective: The objective was to study the prevalence of mental distress among the undergraduate students of medical college and to find out the correlation between mental distress and different explanatory variables among the study population. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out on 339 undergraduate medical students (208 females and 131 males). We used a self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) for the assessment of mental distress and correlated that with different explanatory variables. Results: Mental distress is more in second-year students, in female students as compared to male students, hostellers as compared to day scholars, students of rural background, and students who have repeated attempts in premedical entrance examination. Conclusion: Mental distress is common among medical students. The negative effects of long and tiring medical education on the psychological status of students have been shown in several studies. With early identification and effective psychological services, possible future illnesses may be prevented. As the study findings showed a high level of stress among the second-year students, we suggest supporting them and taking care of this group by the student support system. This will also help them cope well with stress in the later years. It is very important to target stress-prevention strategies at students who have any level of psychological stress to prevent the development of more serious conditions relating to stress.