This study aimed to evaluate bixin potassium salt as a replacement for sodium nitrite (NaNO2) in restructured meat products. Bixin was obtained from the chloroform extract of annatto seeds using a Soxhlet apparatus. Restructured meat samples were prepared using raw retail cuts of beef (vastus lateralis), stored at −16º C, and evaluated during storage at 60 days. The efficacy of bixin potassium salt as a NaNO2 replacement in restructured meat was evaluated by measuring residual concentrations of TBARS, color (L*, a*, and b* components), a sensory preference test, and microbiological parameters. Bixin potassium salt proved to be a viable alternative to nitrites for preserving the color and inhibiting the oxidative degradation of restructured meat. The outcomes showed that the effect of bixin potassium salt on microbiological stabilization was quite variable, depending on the bacterial species considered.

Artigo de RevisãoEste artigo está publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições, desde que o trabalho seja corretamente citado. Uma revisão integrativa das sequelas da COVID-19 An integrative review of sequelae of COVID-19Una revisión integradora de las secuelas del COVID-19

Objective: The Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) in hospitals aims to promote the rational use of antimicrobials, providing better results to patients (increasing effectiveness and decreasing the risk of adverse events), hospital epidemiology (impact on levels of microbial resistance), and enable cost-effectiveness studies. Therefore, a tool (called PRAT-antimicrobial therapy-related problem) is suggested in this paper. This unvalidated tool is the initial step towards organizing the antimicrobial therapy-related interventions to improve the use of this drug class, mainly by suggesting a harmonized registry process of ASP interventions. Methods: Therefore, this work presents the PRAT tool, developed based on the 10 years' experience of ASP at Pequeno Príncipe Hospital, inspired by the classification for drug-related problems of the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe and according to a collaborative work using the Delphi technique. Results: This tool allows the identification and exact description of the antimicrobial therapy-related problem in 17 domains and 67 subcategories. Based on this identification, it suggests how to classify this problem (effectiveness, safety and need/indication) and what interventions can be conducted. Conclusion: This tool has the potential to establish a profile of antimicrobial-related problems, allowing prioritization to be visualized through the most (and least) interventions made in a given period, and might be useful in improving the quality of care through settings, by means of targeted educational interventions. Furthermore, if there is a harmonization of terminology for the classification of antimicrobial therapy-related problems, other hospitals can adopt it, and so the tool can improve research and comparison between institutions (benchmarking).

143 Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Research J o r n a l d e I n v e s t i g a ç ã o B i o m é d i c a e B i o f a r m a c ê u t i c a Comparison between Listeria monocytogenes single and multipathogen detection methods Comparação entre os métodos de detecção de Listeria monocytogenes simples e multipatógenos AbstractMultipathogen detection methods have been used to provide a broad range of microorganism detection. We aimed to identify the most searched pathogens in L. monocytogenes detection methods and evaluate if there are sensitivity and specificity differences between single and multipathogen methods. A systematic review was performed by including studies carried out in order to detect L. monocytogenes in a broad range of food sample. A total of 2770 records were retrieved, of which 191 were selected. The majority of the studies (104) presented multipathogen detection, other 87 searched for L. monocytogenes specifically. From the studies for multipathogen detection; other Listeria species (19.4%), Salmonella spp. (21.6%), E. coli O157:H7 (13.2%), Staphylococcus spp. (9.7%), E. coli (5.7%) were more frequently reported. Sensitivity and specificity calculations were derived from only 26 studies, because they compared their data with an official method. Sensitivity and specificity values were close to 100%, showing that others characteristics such as time and cost should be considered to evaluate alternative methods in further research. As a conclusion, evidence generated regarding L. monocytogenes identification methods contribute to method improvements and listeriosis control.Keywords: L. monocytogenes, methods, pathogens, sensitivity, specificity. ResumoOs métodos de detecção para múltiplos patógenos têm sido usados para fornecer uma ampla faixa de detecção de microrganismos. Objetivou-se identificar os patógenos mais buscados nos métodos de detecção para L. monocytogenes e avaliar se existem diferenças nas taxas de sensibilidade e especificidade entre os métodos que buscaram identificar somente L. monocytogenes e os para múltiplos patógenos. Uma revisão sistemática foi realizada incluindo estudos desenvolvidos para detectar L. monocytogenes em amostras alimentares.

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