Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a significant health problem throughout India irrespective of gender, age, race and geography. It plays important role in neonatal period in fetal skeletal growth, prevention of rickets, sepsis, respiratory tract infections, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and other endocrine disorders. Thus, we aim to study vitamin D levels in neonates at birth and its relationship with gestational age. Methods: This was a hospital based prospective observational study. Total 300 neonates born at SGRDIMSR, Amritsar were enrolled out of which 150 were term and 150 preterm. Results: Overall 85.67% neonates were found to be deficient in vitamin D. Mean 25 (OH) levels in <32, 32≤37, ≥37 weeks gestation was 12.46, 17.96, 19.36 ng/dl respectively. Deficiency was present in 94.74%, 87.78%, 82.67% and neonates born <32 weeks, 32≤37 weeks, ≥37 weeks gestation respectively. No significant relationship was found between vitamin D and gestational age. Vitamin D levels were higher in neonates born by LSCS and mothers without vitamin D supplementation. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency was prevalent in neonates. Premature neonates had low levels as compared to the mature ones however the association between two was found to be insignificant.

Background: Transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a common cause of respiratory distress in newborns with estimated incidence of 1-2% of all newborns. Although a self-limiting transient condition but it may cause severe morbidities. This study was conducted to find association of serum vitamin D levels in neonates who develop TTN as compared to normal healthy neonates.Methods: With thorough history with structured questionnaire and lab tests, serum vitamin D levels of 45 neonates who develop TTN were compared with 56 healthy neonates in control group.Results: Out of 45 neonates who develop TTN 39(86.7%) were deficient in vitamin D as compared to control group where 33(58.9%) out of 56 healthy neonates were deficient in vitamin D.Conclusions: Lower vitamin D levels at birth in term neonates is associated with increased risk of developing TTN and vitamin D may have a role in its pathogenesis.

Tuberous sclerosis or tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disorder, caused by mutations on either of two genes TSC1 and TSC2. Clinical manifestations are caused by growth of benign tumours in different parts of the body. Ten months old female child with four major criteria of tuberous sclerosis complex and asymptomatic cardiac rhabdomyoma is presented. A case of TSC warrants cardiac evaluation for the presence of cardiac rhabdomyoma and if a cardiac rhabdomyoma is detected on antenatal ultrasound or postnatal echocardiography, one should have high index of suspicion for the diagnosis of TSC. Continued research on this disease has unfolded many realities regarding its etiology as well as treatment.