Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade genética entre 45 cultivares de feijões tradicionais do grupo comercial preto, por meio de técnicas multivariadas baseadas em 11 caracteres morfoagronômicos e nutricionais. A distância generalizada de Mahalanobis fundamentou as técnicas de agrupamentos Tocher e UPGMA. Pelo método Tocher foram constituídos nove grupos. Foi detectada divergência genética entre as cultivares tradicionais e as testemunhas comerciais de feijão. A maior divergência foi observada entre as cultivares do grupo 7, em especial a cultivar CFE 22, que se apresentou mais divergente em relação às demais. Para compor programas de hibridação com os genótipos avaliados, sugerem-se cruzamentos entre as cultivares do grupo 2, em especial CFE 25, CFE 100 e FT Nobre, e as do grupo 7, em especial o acesso CFE 22. Essas cultivares se destacam por serem as mais divergentes entre si e por possuírem as melhores produtividades.Termos para indexação: Phaseolus vulgaris, divergência genética, distância de Mahalanobis, técnicas de agrupamento. Genetic variability in traditional germplasm of common black beans in Santa Catarina State, BrazilAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity through eleven morphological, agronomic and nutritional characteristics, among 45 traditional cultivars of common black beans collected in Santa Catarina, Brazil. Genetic divergence was detected among traditional and commercial test cultivars. The generalized distance of Mahalanobis was the basis for Tocher and UPGMA clusters. By the Tocher method, nine groups were constituted and the greatest divergences were observed among the cultivars of the group 7, specially cultivar CFE 22. To compose breeding program with these groups of genotypes, it is suggested crossings among cultivars of the group 2, mainly with CFE 25, CFE 100, FT Nobre, and those of the group 7, specially cultivar CFE 22. These cultivars were the most divergent and productive ones.

The common bean cultivar Crioulo 159 provides a valuable source of resistance to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara. The objective of this study was to characterize the genetic resistance of Crioulo 159 to C. lindemuthianum races 2, 64, 73, and 2047 through inheritance, allelism testing, and molecular analysis. Populations were obtained from crosses between Crioulo 159 and cultivars possessing anthracnose resistance genes. Inheritance tests performed in the F2 population and F2:3 families derived from Crioulo 159 (R, resistant) × Cornell 49–242 (S, susceptible) and inoculated with races 2047 and 73 showed segregation that fit ratios of 3R:1S and 1RR:2RS:1SS, respectively, indicating the action of a dominant resistance gene in Crioulo 159. The absence of recombination between two identical sets of F2:3 families inoculated with C. lindemuthianum race 2047 and 73, respectively, allowed the conclusion that a single dominant gene controls the resistance of Crioulo 159 to both races. Allelism tests revealed the independence of the gene in Crioulo 159 from those previously characterized for anthracnose resistance genes. Based on the results, we propose naming this newly discovered anthracnose resistance gene in Crioulo 159 as Co‐16. Molecular analyses revealed that sequence‐tagged site marker g2467900/800 is linked in coupling phase at 4.8 cM from the Co‐16 locus on chromosome Pv04. Additionally, molecular markers g2303, BARCPVSSR04561 and BARCPVSSR04570, which are linked to the Co‐34 allele in Ouro Negro, were not linked to the Co‐16 gene in Crioulo 159.

RESUMO.A seleção de genótipos produtivos e consistentes mediante as variações ambientais é o objetivo básico de um programa de melhoramento genético de qualquer espécie cultivada. Com o objetivo de quantificar a interação genótipo por ambientes e estudar a estabilidade da produção, empregou-se as metodologias de regressão bissegmentada (Cruz et al., 1989) ABSTRACT. Adaptability and stability of bean genotypes in Santa CatarinaState. The selection of productive and consistent genotypes related to environment variations is the basic objective of genetic breeding of any cultivated species. Therefore, in order to quantify the genotype interaction in environments and also to study the grain yield stability, methods such as the bi-segmented linear regression (Cruz et al., 1989), Lin e Binns (1988) and the traditional method were used. The experiments were carried out in ten locations in Santa Catarina in the 2000/01 and 2001/02 growing seasons. Each assay was composed of 13 black bean genotypes, which were assessed in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Data showed that BRS Campeiro, AN 9021332, IPR Uirapuru and LP 98-5 genotypes had the best general adaptation. Genotypes with specific adaptation were also identified, although the only concordance among the methodologies was the indication of the IPR Uirapuru cultivar for favorable environments.

In 2003 and 2004, 32 isolates of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum obtained from the infected plants of field-grown common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Santa Catarina state, Brazil were analyzed based on the virulence to 12 differential cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L.. Thirteen distinct races were identified, six of which had not been reported previously in Santa Catarina. This is the first report of the occurrence of 67, 83,101,103,105, and 581 races of C. lindemuthianum. Race 65 was most common (34%). All the isolates were compatible to the cultivars Michelite and Mexico 222. Some isolates infected not only differential cultivar of Mesoamerican origin, but also the ones of Andean origin.
Em 2003 e 2004, isolados de Colletotrichum lindemuthianum obtidas de plantas infectadas de feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil foram analisadas baseando-se na virulência em 12 cultivares diferenciadoras de Phaseolus vulgaris L.. Treze raças distintas foram identificadas, sendo que seis delas não haviam sido reportadas anteriormente em Santa Catarina. Este é o primeiro registro de ocorrência das raças 67, 83, 101,103,105, e 581 do C. lindemuthianum. A raça mais comum foi a 65 (34%). Todos os isolados foram compatíveis com as cultivares Michelite e México 222. Alguns dos isolados infectaram tanto cultivares diferenciadoras de origem Mesoamericana como de origem Andina

-The objective of this work was to determine the combining ability and heterosis, for productivity and yield components, in diallel hybrids derived from crossings between BRSMG-Talismã, IPR Uirapuru, FT Soberano, BRS Campeiro, IAC Tybatã, and IPR Juriti parent cultivars. Fifteen hybrids were generated from diallel crosses, excluding reciprocals. The general and specific combining abilities were significant for plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod, 50-seed weight, and grain yield, indicating the occurrence of both additive and nonadditive genetic effects. The best strategy to be adopted is the use of BRS Campeiro, FT Soberano and BRSMG-Talismã cultivars in common bean breeding programs involving selection. The most promising combinations were 'IPR Uirapuru' x 'IAC Tybatã', 'IPR Uirapuru' x 'FT Soberano', 'BRS Campeiro' x 'IPR Juriti', and 'BRS Campeiro' x 'IAC Tybatã'. The parents of these hybrids presented high estimates of specific combining abilities. Hybridization of cultivars belonging to distinguished commercial groups propitiates higher heterosis values in the segregant population.Index terms: Phaseolus vulgaris, additive effects, diallel analysis, interpopulational breeding, intrapopulational breeding, nonadditive effects. Capacidade combinatória e heterose em cultivares de feijoeiro-comumResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a capacidade combinatória e a heterose, quanto à produtividade de grãos e aos componentes de rendimento, em híbridos derivados dos cruzamentos dialélicos entre as cultivares BRSMG-Talismã, IPR Uirapuru, FT Soberano, BRS Campeiro, IAC Tybatã, e IPR Juriti. Quinze híbridos foram gerados a partir dos cruzamentos dialélicos, sem os recíprocos. As capacidades de combinação geral e específica foram significativas em relação à altura de planta, ao número de vagens por planta, número de sementes por planta, número de sementes por vagem, peso médio de 50 sementes e à produção de grãos, e indicaram a ocorrência de efeitos aditivos e não aditivos. A melhor estratégia a ser adotada em programas de melhoramento que envolvam seleção é o uso das cultivares BRS Campeiro, FT Soberano e BRSMG-Talismã. As combinações mais promissoras foram 'IPR Uirapuru' x 'IAC Tybatã', 'IPR Uirapuru' x 'FT Soberano', 'BRS Campeiro' x 'IPR Juriti' e 'BRS Campeiro' x 'IAC Tybatã'. Os parentais destes híbridos apresentaram elevadas estimativas de capacidade específica de combinação. A hibridização de cultivares pertencentes a grupos comerciais distintos propicia maiores valores de heterose.Termos para indexação: Phaseolus vulgaris, efeitos aditivos, análise dialélica, melhoramento interpopulacional, melhoramento intrapopulacional, efeitos não aditivos.