The characteristics of the uptake of phenol and nitrophenols by active carbon have been investigated. The measurements of solution equilibrium parameters as well as surface structural characteristics determined by infrared internal reflection spectroscopy are presented. A charge-transfer interaction is postulated which explains the observed adsorption and spectroscopic characteristics on the basis of the electron densities in the sorbate molecule, as well as the types and concentrations of surface functional groups present on the carbon.

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