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The surgery of tlic plireiiic nerve and of the diaphragm occupies at the present time a posit.ion of considerable intcrest.. The edensive literature, contributions along clinica.1 and morphologica.1 lines which have become availa.ble during the past few years bear witness to this fact. Nevcrtlicless, in spite of this vast literature, ana,t.omist.s a.nd clinicians still find that import.ant questions concerning t.he innervation of t.he diaphragm have been replied to different.ly by va.rious authors or have even remained unanswered. Statements which cont.radict well-known morphological and physiological facts are to be found even in the more recent discourses and have appa.rent.ly been accepted by many.We do not wish t'o present any new treatise on the diaphragm as a whole. W. Felix( 10) and IK. Hit.zenherger (14) have already done this in most able works. Our purpose it-as rather to examine carefully t.he phrenic nerve, nervus diaphragmaticus of t.he splanchnic plexus, the intemostal nerves, and the vagus nerve, both macroscopically and microscopically, and in the light of very recent experiences t.o endeavor to correla.te our observations tvit.11 t.hese new experienaes wherever possible.All our investigations were carried out. upon human material.

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