This Conceptual Design Report describes LUXE (Laser Und XFEL Experiment), an experimental campaign that aims to combine the high-quality and high-energy electron beam of the European XFEL with a powerful laser to explore the uncharted terrain of quantum electrodynamics characterised by both high energy and high intensity. We will reach this hitherto inaccessible regime of quantum physics by analysing high-energy electron-photon and photon-photon interactions in the extreme environment provided by an intense laser focus. The physics background and its relevance are presented in the science case which in turn leads to, and justifies, the ensuing plan for all aspects of the experiment: Our choice of experimental parameters allows (i) field strengths to be probed where the coupling to charges becomes non-perturbative and (ii) a precision to be achieved that permits a detailed comparison of the measured data with calculations. In addition, the high photon flux predicted will enable a sensitive search for new physics beyond the Standard Model. The initial phase of the experiment will employ an existing 40 TW laser, whereas the second phase will utilise an upgraded laser power of 350 TW. All expectations regarding the performance of the experimental set-up as well as the expected physics results are based on detailed numerical simulations throughout.

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to examine the relationship of different dimensions of employment relation (ER) with perceived organizational performance. The study also attempts to analyze the role of technological intensity in determining the employment approaches adopted by the firm.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered through the survey method and in-depth personal interviews were conducted in Indian manufacturing firms based in the National Capital Region (NCR).FindingsThe findings confirm that all dimensions of employment relation have profound and significant relationship with perceived organizational performance. It also revealed that technology intensity of the industry determines the way people are managed in the organization.Originality/valueThe study has contributed to the existing body of knowledge by understanding the impact of unique framework of ER (industrial relations and HRM) on organizational performance. The study represents the one of the fewest attempts to measure technology intensity as moderating variable in ER & Performance.

An optimization control has been demonstrated to obtain carbon nanotubes having specific diameter distribution, length, homogeneity, and yield during its growth by thermal chemical vapor deposition technique under atmospheric pressure. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown on silicon wafer where a predeposition of iron catalyst of 2 nm thickness was made by sputtering. The growth was conducted under two variable parameters, i.e., flow rate and flow duration. Argon and hydrogen mixture was used for pretreatment of catalyst and as etching gas, and acetylene as a carbon precursor. In-depth analysis shows that increase in flow rate from 10 to 50 sccm resulted in increase in the concentration of amorphous carbon, CNTs diameter range and decrease in length, we found best result at 20 sccm flow rate of acetylene gas. On the other hand, as we varied flow duration from 6 to 14 min, with keeping flow rate of acetylene 20 sccm constant, dense homogeneous growth of horizontal CNTs network plus an increase in length and diameter range were observed. An optimization of flow rate and flow duration is presented here to obtain a selective diameter distribution and length as expected by this growth technique. Atomic force microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to investigate the samples' morphologies in support of the observations made.

Introduction: Ureteric stones are a common problem, but diuretics tend to exhaust the patient. Nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker is being prescribed by urologists all over the world, except in UAE hospitals. Our study was aimed at verifying the claimed efficacy of Nifedipine in UAE patients, comprising of multinational population. Materials and Methods: 120 ureteric stone patients of both sexes were randomly divided into a Nifedipine and NSAID treated group A (study group) and a control group receiving NSAID alone. Results: Nifedipine administration resulted in expulsion of ureteric stone much earlier and to a significant extent as compared to controls (p<0.001). Nifedipine achieves about 75% success in expelling ureteric stones less than 1cm size in UAE patients. Conclusion: Nifedipine can be successfully used to expel ureteric calculi in UAE patients not suffering from any cardiac ailment.