BACKGROUND: The access to safe drinkingwater is increasingly difficult, especially in water catchment or coastal areas. Due to the difficulty, people in coastal areas tend to consume ready-to-use refilled drinking-water. However, the sanitation facilities on most drinking-water refill depots do not meet the requirements, hence really prone to microbial contamination. We conducted this study to determine the types of bacteria causing the contamination of refilled drinking-water from refill depots in Abeli, a coastal area in Kendari.METHODS: Samples were collected from all 6 drinkingwater refill depots in Abeli. Three-series fermentation tubes were used for the microbiological test, including the presumptive, confirmative and completed tests. The biochemical test was performed with indole test, methyl red test, Voges-Proskauer test, and citrate utilization test (IMViC) methods and the triple sugar iron agar (TSIA) test.RESULTS: Among 6 refilled drinking-water samples, we found the growth of coliform bacterial colonies in 3 samples, exhibiting various characteristics. Based on the characteristics, both microbiological and biochemical, the identified bacteria were Proteus sp., Escherichia coli and Klebsiella oxytoca.CONCLUSION: Bacteria that contaminated refilled drinking-water in Abeli were Proteus sp., E. coli and K. oxytoca. Continuous supervision is required to ensure the quality of water from drinking-water refill depots.KEYWORDS: bacteria, Proteus sp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, coastal areas, refilled drinking water

Background: The new normal policy during the COVID-19 pandemic requires public participation. Efforts to suppress the number of cases require knowledge, attitudes and behavior towards health protocols to prevent COVID-19.Objective: This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes and practice towards the prevention of COVID-19.Method: This was a descriptive study which included 409 respondents in Kendari City Indonesia conducted in July-August 2020. Data were collected through online questionnaires with google forms.Results: Most of the respondents knew the causes of COVID-19 (85.1%), mode of transmission (65.0%), prevention with masks (96.4%), washing hands (90.5%), social distancing (98.1%), and cough etiquette (80.4%). The attitudes towards public opinions varied. The behaviors towards the prevention of COVID-19 were reading (90.2%), protecting themselves (94.4%), positive thinking (96.1%), doing activities at home (87.3%) and social distancing (93.2%). The behavior to avoid fake news was to ensure the news sources (72.6%), accessed official news (85.5%) and accessed many sources (73.8%).Conclusions: The community of Kendari City has adequate knowledge, attitudes and practice towards prevention of COVID-19. This is a potential asset to implementing the new normal policy during the COVID-19 pandemic.

AbstrakAsupan air sangat penting diperhatikan karena dapat menimbulkan masalah kesehatan terutama bagi wanitahamil dan menyusui. Jumlah dan kualitas air minum belum terpenuhi dengan baik. Air minum isi ulang menjadipilihan bagi masyarakat di daerah pesisir karena kesulitan air bersih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilaikualitas air minum isi ulang di daerah pesisir Kota Kendari. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni2017, dengan metode Most Probable Number. Sampel air minum diambil dari Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang diKecamatan Abeli. Pemeriksaan sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran UniversitasHalu Oleo. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pada media lactose broth ditemukan bakteri pada 5 sampel dan 1sampel tidak ditemukan bakteri. Pada media Brilliant Green Lactosa Bile Broth didapatkan 4 sampel ditemukanbakteri coliform dan 2 sampel tidak ditemukan bakteri coliform. Jumlah bakteri coliform yang ditemukan palingtinggi sebesar 96 MPN/100 mL. Kesimpulan air minum isi ulang di daerah pesisir Kota Kendari sebagian besarterkontaminasi dengan bakteri coliform.Kata kunci: Air Minum Isi Ulang; Coliform; Kualitas Air

The coastal communities of the Pohara river, Sampara Subdistrict, where the habitat for endemic pokea clam growth, has a habit of consuming pokea clam meat which can affect the nutritional status of the family. Pokea clam meat (Batissa violacea celebensis von Marten 1897) contains fatty acids, which can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this community service, to identify patterns of consumption of pokea clam and  nutritional status. The method used through interviews, counseling and examination of nutritional status. The number of respondents identified was 72 respondents. Data were collected by questionnaire regarding the consumption pattern of pokea clam, measurement of height, weight and waist circumference. The results of the identification of consumption patterns of pokea clam meat showed 58% of respondents, consuming average pokea clam 1-3 times a day. As many as 78%, processing directly the pokea clam meat. The types of preparations consumed are pokea satay (39%) and boiled pokea (8%). The results of examination of Body Mass Index (BMI) obtained 50.0% normal nutritional status, 16.7% excess and 30.6% obesity. Waist circumference measurement results, 47.2% are normal, and 52.8% are not normal. Integrated and sustainable health promotion, need to improve the nutritional status of coastal communities.

Background: Infectious diseases are still one of the important public health issues in developing countries. Most infections are caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. The relatively high use of antibiotics gives many problems especially resistance. So the use of traditional medicinal plants is needed as an alternative treatment. One of the traditional medicine that can be used for treatment is turi leaf (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers). The potential of turi leaves is as antibacterial because its have contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The purpose of this research is to knowing about antibacterial activity of turi leaf extract (S. grandiflora (L.) Pers) on Salmonella thypi and Streptococcus mutans bacteria growth. Methods: This research uses post test only control design, independent variable is turi leaf extract and dependent variable is bacterial growth inhibition zone. Lean ethanol extract of turi leaf was obtained by maceration method after waiting for 3 x 24 hours. Testing of antibacterial activity using wells diffusion method. Results: showed that the fraction of ethyl acetate and n-hexane of turi leaves of had antibacterial activity on S. thypi and S. mutans growth with the gratest concentration value capable of inhibiting bacterial growth of 100%. The fraction of ethyl acetate and n-hexane of turi leaves inhibited S. thypi bacteria growth of 11 mm and 4 mm, while for S. mutans were 4.67 mm and 4mm. Minimum Stress Levels of ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions on groeth of S. thypi and S. mutans bacteria were at concentrations of 10%. Conclusion: From this research it can be concluded that the fraction of ethyl acetate and turi leaf n-hexane fraction (S. grandiflora (L.) Pers) has antibacterial activity against S. thypi and S. mutans growth. with Minimum Stress Levels being at a concentration of 10%. The antibacterial activity is more sensitive to S. thypi than S. mutans. Keywords: Minimum Inhibitory, Turi Leaf (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers), Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus mutans Latar Belakang: Penyakit infeksi masih merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting, khususnya di negara berkembang. Sebagian besar infeksi disebabkan oleh bakteri, fungi, virus dan parasit. Penggunaan antibiotik yang relatif tinggi menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan global terutama resistensi. Sehingga penggunaan tanaman obat tradisional diperlukan sebagai pengobatan alternatif. Salah satunya adalah S. grandiflora (L.) Pers. Potensi daun turi sebagai antibakteri karena mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak S. grandiflora (L.) Pers terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. thypi dan S. mutans. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain post test only control, variabel bebas adalah ekstrak daun turi dan variabel terikat adalah zona hambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Ekstrak etanol daun turi diperoleh dengan metode maserasi selama 3 x 24 jam. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi n-heksan S. grandiflora (L.) Pers memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. thypi dan S. mutans dengan nilai konsentrasi terbesar yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri yaitu 100%. Fraksi etil asetat dan n-heksan daun turi menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. thypi sebesar 11 mm dan 4 mm, sedangkan untuk S. mutans berturut-turut sebesar 4,67 mm dan 4 mm. Kadar Hambat Minimum dari fraksi etil asetat dan n-heksan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. thypi dan S. mutans berada pada konsentrasi 10%. Simpulan: Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi n-heksan S. grandiflora (L.) Pers memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan S. thypi dan S. mutans dengan Kadar hambat Minimum berada pada konsentrasi 10%.Aktivitas antibakteri lebih peka pada S. thypi dibandingkan S. mutans.Kata kunci:  daun turi (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers), Salmonella thypi, Streptococcus mutans, kadar hambat minimum