A novel method for fabricating microsized and nanosized polymer structures from a room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) on a Si substrate was developed by the patterned irradiation of an electron beam (EB). An extremely low vapor pressure of the RTIL, 1-allyl-3-ethylimidazolium bis((trifluoromethane)sulfonyl)amide, allows it to be introduced into the high-vacuum chamber of an electron beam apparatus to conduct a radiation-induced polymerization in the nanoregion. We prepared various three-dimensional (3D) micro/nanopolymer structures having high aspect ratios of up to 5 with a resolution of sub-100 nm. In addition, the effects of the irradiation dose and beam current on the physicochemical properties of the deposited polymers were investigated by recording the FT-IR spectra and Young's modulus. Interestingly, the overall shapes of the obtained structures were different from those prepared in our recent study using a focused ion beam (FIB) even if the samples were irradiated in a similar manner. This may be due to the different transmission between the two types of beams as discussed on the basis of the theoretical calculations of the quantum beam trajectories. Perceptions obtained in this study provide facile preparation procedures for the micro/nanostructures.

A new silver micropatterning method has been developed by electron beam irradiation to room-temperature ionic liquid containing silver salts. This is the first achievement that uses liquid media to obtain metal deposits by electron beam lithography. Silver deposits were obtained as designed with high resolution and purity compared to the existing direct writing method.Fabrication of micro/nano metal structures on semiconductor substrates is an essential technique for the development of the micro-electromechanical system (MEMS).1,2 To date, there have been many achievements for the patterning of metals such as gold, silver, and copper.36 Among them, the direct writing techniques are considered to be the most efficient method because of the simplicity of their process. They include direct drawing by inkjet printing, 7 or reactive deposition from precursors contained in liquids 8 and those existing in the gas phase 9 by using lasers and a quantum beam, respectively. The last case, using the quantum beam, achieved a resolution as small as 100 nm. However, liquids are considered to be advantageous because they can provide larger amounts of metals in a short time compared with vapor phase deposition.It is well-known that the interaction of ionizing radiation, such as γ-rays, electron beams (EB), and ion beams, with target materials yields radical ions and solvated electrons of 1020 eV energy in spurs.10 These species are easy to trigger in chemical reactions. Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are one of the good media for radiation chemistry. They generate radicals and solvated electrons as many conventional solvents do, and their reactivity is tunable, depending on the type of anions and cations.11 Besides, the slow solvation of electrons provides higher reactivity against subsequent reactions, and the property of ionic liquids being in the glass state over the wide temperature region facilitates the time-dependent spectroscopic analyses of these processes at low temperatures. In addition, there are many reports about the high radiation stability of RTILs, and they reveal that RTILs have potential as solvents for radiation chemical reactions. 1215 Recently, we have reported the preparation of various kinds of colloidal metal nanoparticles dispersed in RTILs by γ-ray radiation irradiation.16,17 Similar reduction reactions were observed during electron microscopic observations (20300 kV), where the metal nanoparticles were formed on the surface of or inside the ionic liquids around the observation area. 1820 We have recently succeeded in the fabrication of various three-dimensional micro/nano polymer structures by introducing a thin layer of polymerizable RTIL into a quantum beam writing system to trigger the polymerization reaction of RTIL monomers at the nanoscale.21,22 Herein, we demonstrate a new direct writing technique that deposits metals at will on a substrate by introducing RTILs containing silver salts instead of polymerizable ones. The largest difference is the role of RTIL, which was a reactant pre...