Background:Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs due to abnormal insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Complex disorders occur in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, involving various degrees of decreased beta-cell function, peripheral insulin resistance, and abnormal liver glucose metabolism. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is a plant that has an antidiabetic effect because of its efficiency in improving blood sugar control and lipid profile.Objectives:To evaluate the effectiveness of Okra fruit on fasting blood sugar and total cholesterol levels in type 2 DM patients.Settings and Design:This study used a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group approach with pretest and posttest in type 2 DM patients. Methods and Material:The number of samples was 30 respondents obtained by the consecutive sampling technique. Samples were divided into an intervention group and the control group. The intervention was given an okra fruit immersion water once a day in the morning for two weeks and blood samples were taken early before treatment and end of treatment. Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis using T-test with a 95% CI value.Results:There were differences in the mean of fasting blood sugar levels before and after the intervention (pvalue = 0.000; α = 0.05) and the mean of total cholesterol levels before and after the intervention in the intervention group (p-value = 0.004; α = 0.05). Conclusion:Okra fruit has an effect in reducing fasting blood sugar and total cholesterol levels in patients with type 2 DM.

Stunting is a short and very short body state that exceeds the Z-Score -2 SD deficit below the median length or height, as measured by height by age or length by age (TB / U or PB / U). Many factors affect the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months. The aim of the study is to determine the determinants of the incidence of stunting in infants aged 24-59 months. This type of research is observational analytic using a case-control design. The study population was all mothers who have children aged 24-59 months in the working area of Puuwatu Health Center, Kendari City. The number of sample cases as many as 35 people while the number of control samples as many as 72 people with a sample comparison of 1 case: 2 controls so that the total sample size of 108 people, obtained through purposive sampling. The results showed that mothers who had a height of <150 cm had a risk of 2.6 times having a toddler suffering from stunting compared to mothers who had a height of ≥ 150 cm. Determinants of stunting proxies in the working area of Puuwatu Health Center, Kendari City was maternal height with Exp value = 0.386.

Sleep is one of the basic human needs that can affect the quality of life and health. Poor sleep quality can result in decreased physiological and psychological health. Purpose: This study aims to determine the factors that affect the sleep quality of medical students of Halu Oleo University. The study design was using quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The sample of this study were 174 medical students of Halu Oleo University in the second and third academic years. The sampling technique was using Proportional Random Sampling. Data on sleep quality obtained by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and data analysis was using a chi-square statistical test with a confident interval of 95% (alpha = 0.05). The median age of respondents was 20 (range 18-21) years and 127 (73%) of the participants were females. A student with high physical activity was 112 (64.4%), sleep pattern in the good category as much as 98 (56.3%), and students with emotional stress in the low category were 120 (69.0%). More than half of students (89.1%) have poor sleep quality. The bivariate analysis showed that the factors that affect sleep quality were sleep patterns (p-value = 0.019) and emotional stress (p-value = 0.021). Student physical activity was not statistically affected sleep quality (p-value = 0.519). The sleep quality of medical students of Halu Oleo university were affected by sleep patterns and emotional stress.

Vocabulary has an important role in language learning at the college level, but in teaching practice, various obstacles are experienced by lecturers in implementing effective vocabulary learning. This study took place in Batam, Indonesia, and aims to investigate the English lecturers’ beliefs and practices in vocabulary learning; the phenomena of how they negotiate their teaching practices and what determines their choice of teaching methods when it comes to vocabulary learning. Five English lecturers from different universities were interviewed. The results of the interview were transcribed and analyzed based on the themes that appeared from data. The results showed that a requirement for practicality in class, curriculum, student atmosphere, and lecturers’ confidence in applying the right methods have effects on vocabulary learning. Lecturers have combined vocabulary learning with reading, writing, listening, and speaking in class. The main reference of a coursebook as the main guidance of the vocabulary learning varied between one class and another. All lecturers stated that they should find their own way to adopt external sources such as songs, vocabulary learning programs, and games to combine with their coursebook to beneficially meet the students’ preference. The new technology of teaching and learning is now part of classroom activities. Henceforth, this study concludes that the lecturers’ beliefs in the vocabulary learning approach are important. In practice, the lecturers need to combine them with various methods as the class situation do not always count on academic interests.

Background: Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic and has spread to more than 200 countries including Indonesia. South Kalimantan is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has a high COVID-19 mortality rate (case fatality rate 4.1%). Information about characteristic of mortality patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Indonesia was limited. The objective of this study to describe clinical characteristics of COVID-19-confirmed deaths at Ulin Regional Hospital Banjarmasin, as a referral hospital in South KalimantanMethods: Medical records of 108 hospitalized patients dying with COVID-19 between March until August 2020 were collected. The recorded information included gender, age, onset and severity of disease, comorbidities, symptoms, signs, and laboratory findingsResults: The 108 confirmed cases of COVID-19 deaths were mostly male (73.1%) aged <65 years old (85.2%). About 84% of the cases had at least one comorbidity or more, like hypertension (44.4%), obesity (38%), and diabetes mellitus (32.4%). Common early symptoms were fever (91.7%) and shortness of breath (89.8%). Laboratory findings included lympocytopenia and eosinophilopenia (80.6% and 72.2%), increased neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR; 86.1%), decreased absolute lymphocyte count (ALC; 72.2%), and hyponatremia (55.6%). Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP; 92.6%), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; 91.7%), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminases (SGOT; 82.4%), and creatinine levels (57.4%). The majority of non survivors were severe-critical stage with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Conclusion: In this depictive study, patients with comorbidities and severe-critical stage are at risk of death. Laboratory abnormalities were common in non survivors. Shortness of breath may indicate poor prognosis of COVID-19.