The effect of mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) and Humate (HU) in broiler diets on antibody titers against Avian Influenza virus (AIV) was evaluated. A completely randomized experimental design was used, and chicks were divided into 8 treatment groups, with 4 replicates per treatment and 10 chicks per replicate. Treatments were: 1) negative control group (CTL-), neither vaccinated against AIV nor given additives; 2) positive control (CTL+) or broilers were vaccinated against AIV + 0 additives; 3,4 and 5) CTL+ plus diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% HU, respectively; 6,7 and 8) CTL+ plus diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% MOS, respectively. For antibody analyses, blood samples were weekly collected by wing veins and the titers of antibody against AIV were measured by haemagglutination-inhibition test (HI). Compared to the positive control, the antibody titers against AIV were determined significantly lower in negative control group from 28 to 42 days of age. The inclusion of MOS resulted in increased antibody titers against AIV in the fourth, fifth and sixth weeks of age. MOS was effective in stimulating the humoral immune responses against AIV vaccine viruses. This study demonstrated an increase in the antibody titers in broilers fed diets containing 0.3% HU. In general, results of this study demonstrated that MOS proved to be much more effective on antibody production against AIV in broiler chicks than HU. Immune function could be modified with dietary HU and MOS supplementation.

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This experiment conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chromium (III) picolinate (CrPic) and chromium (III) picolinate nanoparticles (NanoCrPic) supplementation on growth performance, organs weight and immune function of broilers exposed to heat stress. Heat stress (36°C) was applied for 10 h per day from the 21 th to the 42 nd days. Among 8 experimental treatments; only group T1 represented the non-heat stressed control group fed with a basal diet in comfort zone whereas group T2 represented the heat stressed control group fed with a basal diet. Heat stressed T3, T4, T5 groups were fed with basal diet supplemented with 500, 1.000, 1.500 ppb of CrPic/kg while T6, T7, T8 groups were fed with bsal diet supplemeted with 500, 1.000, 1.500 ppb of NanoCrPic/kg respectively. Results of the current experiment showed that the non-heat stressed group had a higher final BW, daily weight gain and daily feed intake compared with heat stressed groups during the experiment period (d 21-42), Among heat stressed groups, FCR values improved by supplementation of Cr into the diet. NanoCrPic 1.500 treatment had the lowest (P<0.05) FCR (2.14) of the total experimental period among heat stressed groups. The liver weight values of the day 35 of experiment differed significantly (P<0.05). Serum complement component C3 of experimental broilers was severely affected by the Cr supplementation. The results indicated that the nanoparticle supplementation might be an influential method for reduction of heat stress induced disorders which may attribute to the lowering of FCR and provoking the hepatic related alteration including the liver weigth.

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