Monitoring of the condition of water-supporting hydraulic structures (dams) is carried out in ac-cordance with GOST R 22.1.11–2002, which determines the list of main load indicators including hy-drostatic pressure exerted on the dam. The article gives the list of the main indicators of the condition of water-supporting hydraulic structures and the development of hazardous processes in soil massifs, which provides for the assessment of vertical (precipitation) and horizontal movements of structures and their bases. Thus, monitoring is carried out in two areas of research: the first is geotechnical; the second is geodetic. As a rule, surveyors develop an observation system, and geotechnicians, taking into account these data, determine the state of the dam. The article provides a methodology for ge-otechnical dam condition that combines these two areas. Accounting for hydrostatic pressure is possi-ble due to geodetic control of the water surface level and calculation of water reserves and, according-ly, the pressure on the dam. These data, together with the results of field measurements, make it possi-ble to identify critical and permissible water levels, which allow us to regulate the observation order depending on the water level. The article also considers an important issue about the scheme of de-formation marks location on the dam. Regular distance location is not always appropriate. A more ef-fective way is to locate them in accordance with the stress-strain state. On the basis of pre-calculation there was carried out irregular location of the deformation marks on the dam as well as the design and accuracy assessment of deformation network. The afore-mentioned approach is implemented on a specific example of the Dukan Dam in Iraq.

Construction of hydraulic structures is considered to be one of the useful and long-term solutions to most of socio-economic problems that are faced by our societies in the 21st century. With regards to this, it is therefore necessary to constantly monitor the steady state of the dams in order to optimize the operational efficiency and safety measures for both the ecosystem and human beings. Existing methods for monitoring the state of dams are based on observing deformations dams as an independent object. The article discusses the method for estimating dam deformations in the dam-reservoir system. When conducting geodetic monitoring of dam’s displacement, it is necessary to take into account the water level in the reservoir which affects the measurement procedure and makes them more physically reasonable, taking into account the water pressure on the dam. The article shows the method of measuring the water level of the reservoir based on the construction of its 3D model.