The present study analyzed the chemical composition of Juniperus foetidissima Willd. essential oils (EOs) and evaluated their attractancy and toxicity to two agriculturally important tephritid fruit flies. The composition of hydrodistilled EOs obtained from leaves (JFLEO) and fruits (JFFEO) of J. foetidissima was analyzed by GC–FID and GC–MS. The main compounds were α-pinene (45%) and cedrol (18%) in the JFLEO and α-pinene (42%), α-thujone (12%), and β-thujone (25%) in the JFFEO. In behavioral bioassays of the male Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), both JFLEO and JFFEO showed strong attraction comparable to that observed with two positive controls, Melaleuca alternifolia and Tetradenia riparia EOs. In topical bioassays of the female Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa (Loew), the toxicity of JFFEO was two-fold higher than that of JFLEO, with the LD50 values being 10.46 and 22.07 µg/µL, respectively. This could be due to differences in chemical components between JFLEO and JFFEO. The JFFEO was dominated by 48% monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH) and 46% oxygenated monoterpenes (OM), while JFLEO consisted of 57% MH, 18% OM, and 20% oxygenated sesquiterpenes (OS). This is the first study to evaluate the attractancy and toxicity of J. foetidissima EOs to tephritid fruit flies. Our results indicate that JFFEO has the potential for application to the management of pest tephritid species, and further investigation is warranted.
Bu çalışmada, yabani kızılcık odunun (Cornus Australis L.) bazı kimyasal özelliklerinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla, yabani kızılcık odununun kağıt üretimine uygunluğu açısından temel bazı kimyasal özellikleri, çözünürlükleri ve kül miktarı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi (HPLC) cihazı ile karbonhidrat analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan kimyasal analizlerde; yabani kızılcık odununda ekstraktif madde (%4.52±0.21), soğuk su çözünürlüğü (%4.42±0.25), sıcak su çözünürlüğü (%6.40±0.27), holoselüloz (%72.27±0.27), α-selüloz (%43.24±0.17), lignin (%16.32±0.09), %1 NaOH çözünürlüğü (%18.30±0.35) ve kül miktarı (%0.56±0.05) tespit edilmiştir. HPLC analiz sonuçlarına göre kızılcık odununun karbonhidrat içeriğinde sakkaroz, glukoz, galaktoz, arabinoz ve fruktoz şeker grupları tespit edilmiştir. Bunlardan; sakkaroz %25.53 (30.50 mg/l), fruktoz %17.10 (44.16 mg/l), glukoz %16.63 (22.58 mg/l), galaktoz %1.21 ve arabinoz %0.61 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı ülkemizde de yetişen yabani kızılcık odunundan faydalanma olanaklarının araştırılması ve elde edilen sonuçların literatüre kazandırılmasıdır.
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