Prenatal factors and medical devices were significantly associated with AKI. Early detection of risk factors can reduce the mortality of AKI patients.

Background: Exposure to large amounts of endotoxins and other bacterial products in early childhood may protect against the development of allergic diseases later in childhood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of neonatal sepsis on subsequent development of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis in children. Methods: We recruited 85 children (mean age 48.67 ± 12.88 months) who had been hospitalized for sepsis in their neonatal period and their siblings (n = 85) as controls (mean age 61.81 ± 21.34 months) to investigate the prevalences of asthma, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis. After asking the questions in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC) questionnaires to the parents, total IgE levels in sera were measured and skin prick tests were performed. Results: Children with neonatal sepsis had lower total IgE levels and less sensitivity to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus than controls (25.9 vs. 9.4%, p = 0.003). In addition, wheeze ever, wheeze in the last 12 months, physician-diagnosed asthma, and use of asthma drugs were less common in these subjects. Prevalences of allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis were equal in both groups. Conclusion: Exposure to severe infections such as sepsis in the neonatal period may decrease sensitization to environmental allergens and prevalence of asthma in later childhood.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a sudden deterioration in kidney function that results in the accumulation of nitrogenous waste products (e.g., urea) and alters the regulation of extracellular fluid volume, electrolytes, and acid-base homeostasis. Although the criteria for neonatal acute kidney injury have varied, a frequently used definition is a serum creatinine level of more than 1.5 mg/dL.The causes of neonatal acute kidney injury are multiple and can be divided into prerenal, renal, and postrenal categories. Prerenal azotemia is the most common type of acute kidney injury in the neonate and may account for up to 85% of all cases. There are currently no specific medical therapies to treat AKI. The basic approach in management of AKI should be planned according to the underlying etiology. To maximize the chance for survival, the clinician must support the cardiorespiratory system, maintain maximal nutrition, balance homeostasis, and manage the consequences of AKI. The prognosis for neonates with acute kidney injury is variable, and largely related to the infant's underlying medical condition, with mortality rates ranging from 14% to 73%. (JAREM 2013; 3: 53-9) Key Words: Neonatal, acute, kidney injury ÖZET Akut böbrek hasarı; böbrek fonksiyonlarında ani bozulma ile karakterizedir. Sonuç olarak nitrojen yıkım ürünlerinin birikimi, ekstrasellüler sıvı hacmi, elektrolit ve asid-baz dengesinin regülasyonunda değişiklikler olur. Neonatal akut böbrek hasarı kriterleri değişmekle beraber, sıklıkla serum kreatinin düzeyinin 1,5 mg/dL'yi geçmesi tanım olarak kabul edilebilir. Neonatal akut böbrek hasarının birçok nedeni vardır ve prerenal, renal ve postrenal olarak kategorilere ayrılabilir. Prerenal azotemi yenidoğan döneminde en sık görülen kategoridir ve tüm vakaların yaklaşık %85'i bu gruptandır. Akut böbrek hasarının halen günümüzde spesifik bir medikal tedavisi yoktur. Hastayı yönetirken temel yaklaşım altta yatan etiyolojiye göre planlanmalıdır. Hastanın yaşama şansını yükseltmek adına klinisyen, bebeğin kardiyopulmoner sistemini desteklemeli, maksimal beslenmeyi sağlamalı, homeostazı dengelemeli ve akut böbrek hasarının sonuçlarını yönetebilmelidir. Akut böbrek hasarı ile başvuran yenidoğanlarda prognoz değişkendir ve çoğunlukla bebeğin altta yatan medikal durumuyla ilişkilidir. Mortalite oranları %14 ile %73 arasında değişmektedir. (JAREM 2013; 3: 53-9) Anahtar Sözcükler: Yenidoğan, akut, böbrek hasarı

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