The argan tree, which is found in southern Morocco, is characterized by environmental, economic and nutritional benefits, but the growth of this tree is very slow. This makes it necessary to find methods to accelerate its growth. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of biochar (BC) and bio-compost (CP) each applied at the rate of 0, 3 and 6% (M/M) on starting growth of argan in fine silty soil for sixteen months. Main stem length, diameter, durability ratio, total length of all stems and number of sprouted shoots were measured every two months with two photosynthetic measurements spaced five months apart for each argan seedling. Despite the strong signs of epigenetic sensitivity and genetic variability across the argan behavior of each treatment depending on the duration and environmental conditions of the crop and the large standard deviations marked in all the tests that were conducted on the argan, some treatments showed interesting results, even in terms of the interaction between climatic conditions, type of treatment and type of test. The argan plants which were grown in the substrate at 6% BC 3% CP showed significant results for all the growth parameters studied and throughout the test. This mixture marked an average water holding capacity (WHC) of around 0.66 g H2O/g dw; the argan seedlings showed the best perimeter average, which exceeded 2.7 cm in the last measurement, with a ratio (height/diameter) strictly less than 7, which removes any possible problem of argan filiform. However, argan plants from all treatments were not stable in the growth characteristics studied; each treatment has advantages and disadvantages regarding argan. Transplantation and monitoring in the field of argan seedlings that have had interesting results are strongly recommended to see if the good starting growth influences their development in the field or if it is a temporary effect.

A field study was made on the cultivation of alfalfa and their different components of this crop in the Taroudant region in the south of Morocco, the questions of this study based on the cultivation and fertilization methods, irrigation, and finally prospects. This study showed that the majority will continue to cultivate alfalfa her because the use of alfalfa is mainly as fodder food for their own herd, the whole population does the plowing before the crops, the varieties used are mainly from USA. The population uses manure with different quantities, it depends on the cultivated area and on the use of chemical fertilization. This study showed high consumption of water and chemical fertilizers with a means between 44066.8 m3/year/ha is 62399.9 m3/year/ha, and between 165.6 kg/ha/year and 205.7 Kg/ha/year respectively with a 95% confidence interval. What knocks the alarm danger in environmental matters.

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