Wheat crop is considered one of the most important grain crop in food industry worldwide. In Iraq, there is shortage in wheat production, where there is food gab between wheat flour consumption and production. In light of this fact, there is an urgent need to produce bread with substitution of wheat flour with different levels of corn flour. Five blends of bread were prepared from wheat flour and corn flour. Studies were carried out to evaluate chemical, technological, and sensory properties of raw materials and the produced bread from the five blends and the control (100 % wheat flour). Result of chemical composition showed that the protein content was 11.28 % for wheat flour and 9.82 % for corn flour, while the high content of potassium was in corn flour. The farinograph-and-extenograph-assisted rheological studies showed that stability, extensibility, resistance to extension and strength of dough decreased with increasing the level on corn flour substitution in the blends, while the water absorption and dough weakening increased. The sensory evaluation showed that there is a slight differences between all sensory properties evaluated for fresh bread made from wheat flour (100 %) and the other prepared from corn flour substitution up to 30 %. Therefore: the study recommends using corn in bread making by replacing it with wheat flour in the proportions in question.

The geochemical composition of fifteen fresh Triassic sandstone samples from two localities (Oukaimeden and Ourika Valley, Morocco) was carried out, in order to assess their provenance, weathering and tectonic setting. These sandstones are classified as litharenites and wackestones. The CIA (Chemical Index of Alteration; mean value GK= 57.6 and GI = 71.77) values and Al 2 O 3 -CaO +Na 2 O-K 2 O suggest that the source materials for these sandstones must have been subjected to low and moderate degree of weathering and reworking. Sandstones from studied areas had a high SiO2content in the range of 62-82% due to their mineralogical maturation. However, the negative correlation between SiO2content and the other major elements proposes another contribution of silica. AIT KEJOU sandstones show the presence of a small amount of clay minerals than IGHERMANE sandstones. The Upper Continental Crust (UCC) and North American Shales (NASC) normalization showed depletion in light rare earth elements (LREE) and enrichment in HREE. The negative europium (Eu/Eu*) anomaly support a felsic rocks provenance of the studied sandstones. The cerium (Ce/Ce*) anomaly indicated an oxidizing depositional environment. The depletion in LREE in relation to the HREE and low La/Lu ratio values suggest that the sandstones are as a result of fluvial/river channel system with a slight sea contribution. According to the provenance discrimination diagram, the sandstones were derived from the adjacent Cambrian basement units of Tifnout granitic massif, associated andesites and the granodiorites of the Precambrian basement units of Central High Atlas, located to the south of the studied areas. Discrimination diagrams suggested a passive margin tectonic setting for AIT KEJOU sandstones and an active continental margin tectonic setting for the IGHERMANE sandstones.Copy Right, IJAR, 2016,. All rights reserved.

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