Dynamic wireless charging (DWC) facilitates the travel of electric vehicles (EVs) on highways because it can charge EVs without contact and it does not have a recharging time as it can charge vehicles in motion by a set of power transmitters on the road. This work considers a highway road with DWC and a fleet of electric vehicles with heterogeneous batteries to begin a trip from the origin of the highway noted by O to the destination noted by S. As the usage of DWC is not free, this study seeks to install entry gates to the DWC if the vehicles need to charge their batteries and exit gates to the main road if the vehicles wish to stop the recharge. For this purpose, the first objective is to minimize the usage cost paid by each vehicle type to use the DWC during the trip on the highway. The second objective is to find the lower installation cost of the gates on the road. This work proposes to model the problem as a mathematical problem and validate it with the CPLEX optimizer using limited instances and, finally, solves the problem using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II).

In this paper, we propose a new approach to dynamic wireless charging that allows electric vehicles to charge wirelessly while in motion in both lanes on highways. The challenge is to locate the charging infrastructure on a highway between origin O and destination S (round trip) with heterogeneous battery vehicles, where each type of vehicle requires its allocation of charging segments on the road. We aim to ensure that each type of vehicle can complete a round trip without running out of battery charge while minimizing the number of charging segments and inverters on the road by studying both lanes simultaneously. We model the problem mathematically and validate it using a CPLEX optimizer for limited instances. Finally, we solve the problem using a hybrid approach that combines genetic algorithms and local search techniques to balance diversification and intensification. We have significantly improved the results found in the literature by reducing the number of inverters, which are expensive components in the charging infrastructure. Our approach takes advantage of utilizing a single inverter for both lanes of the highway, leading to cost savings and improved efficiency.

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