Background/Aim:Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clinical condition characterized by central obesity, elevated triglycerides, low–high density lipoproteins, impaired fasting glucose, and hypertension. There is insufficient data on the prevalence of MetS in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study sought to determine the prevalence of MetS in a Turkish cohort of patients with IBD and the association between insulin resistance (IR) and the MetS parameters, in this population.Patients and Methods:A total of 177 patients over 18 years of age (62 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 115 with ulcerative colitis (UC)) were enrolled in the study. The presence of at least three criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) was accepted for the diagnosis of MetS. The Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) was used to determine IR. HOMA values < 1 were considered normal and values > 2.5 indicated a high probability of IR.Results:MetS frequency was higher in patients n=34 (29.5%) with UC than in patients n=11 (17.7%) with CD (P < 0.01). MetS was detected in 12 of the 117 patients (10.3%) with IBD, under 45 years of age, and in 33 of 60 patients (55%) over 45 years of age. HOMA value in n=31 patients (27%) with UC was > 2.5. Body mass index, insulin (P < 0.001), waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, leukocyte count (P < 0.01), triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and uric acid values (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in UC patients with IR than those without IR.Conclusion:Frequent occurrence of MS with increasing age in IBD, particularly in UC, showed the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease risk factors in the long-term follow-up of these diseases.

ÖZETAmaç: Bu çalışma, kalp hastalarında sosyo-demografik hastalığa ilişkin özelliklerin yaşam kalitesi ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarına etkisini incelemek amacıyla enine-kesitsel araştırma olarak gerçekleştirildi. ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine sociodemographic and disease related factors affecting the quality of life and life style behavior in patients with heart disease. Methods: Data are collected via information form, Healthy Life Style Behaviors Scale, and short form-36 life quality scale to 325 people with heart disease. T test for independent samples, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analyzes are used in statistical evaluation of the data. Results: It has been determined that average age was 56.98±11.89 years, 58.2% were male, 48.6% were graduated from primary school, 30.2% were haven't got any additional diseases of the patients in this study. Point average of healthy life style behaviors of people with heart disease obtained as 127.45±20.51 and physical main dimension mean score was 51.95±22.21, mental main dimension mean score was 52.71±19.48. It has been understood that, in general, that male patients in 49-60 age group and married, having bachelor and master degrees, in good socio-economic status, working, without any additional disease and took training related to their disease, received high point from healthy life style behavior scale, but patients with cardiac failure had lower points (p<0.05). There was a positive relation between life qualities and healthy life style behaviors of the patients (p<0.01). Conclusion: Increasing of life quality of the patients especially with cardiac failure will be ensured by executing studies on development of healthy life style behaviors for people with heart disease and arranging training programs to them related to their disease.

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We evaluated the effect of zinc treatment on the blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability and the levels of zinc (Zn), natrium (Na), magnesium (Mg), and copper (Cu) in the brain tissue during epileptic seizures. The Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups, each as follows: (1) control group, (2) pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) group: rats treated with PTZ to induce seizures, (3) Zn group: rats treated with ZnCl2 added to drinking water for 2 months, and (4) Zn + PTZ group. The brains were divided into left, right hemispheres, and cerebellum + brain stem regions. Evans blue was used as BBB tracer. Element concentrations were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The BBB permeability has been found to be increased in all experimental groups (p < 0.05). Zn concentrations in all brain regions in Zn-supplemented groups (p < 0.05) showed an increase. BBB permeability and Zn level in cerebellum + brain stem region were significantly high compared to cerebral hemispheres (p < 0.05). In all experimental groups, Cu concentration decreased, whereas Na concentrations showed an increase (p < 0.05). Mg content in all the brain regions decreased in the Zn group and Zn + PTZ groups compared to other groups (p < 0.001). We also found that all elements’ levels showed hemispheric differences in all groups. During convulsions, Zn treatment did not show any protective effect on BBB permeability. Chronic Zn treatment decreased Mg and Cu concentration and increased Na levels in the brain tissue. Our results indicated that Zn treatment showed proconvulsant activity and increased BBB permeability, possibly changing prooxidant/antioxidant balance and neuronal excitability during seizures.

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