NaF caused an elevation in lipid peroxidation level paralleled with significant decline in glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities as well as the total antioxidant activity in liver, kidney, testes and brain. Some histopathological changes were detected in all tested tissues of the NaF treated group. Q and BBJ had successfully maintained normal histological architecture and mitigated the induction of oxidative stress caused by NaF. Q effectively reduced the elevation in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level and restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes in liver, kidney, testis and brain. Less histopathological changes were observed in Q+NaF and BBJ+NaF treated groups. As a result, BBJ and Q significantly reduced NaF-induced oxidative and histological changes in rats. In the combination of BBJ and Q against NaF toxicity, the effects were more severe than from separate exposure, thus indicating that these flavonoids exhibited synergistic effects on all antioxidant and histological parameters.

The S. lappa extract has potentially useful anti-arthritic activity as well as improves the immune and antioxidant responses of adjuvant-induced monoarthritis in rats.

Aim: The present study was carried out to evaluate the potential protective role of blackberry juice (BBJ) and quercetin (Q) against sodium fluoride-induced liver damage and impairment of kidney function, as well as hematotoxicity in rats. Study Design: After 2 weeks of acclimation, animals were divided into seven groups, ten rats each. All the groups were treated interaperitoneal (i.p.) for 30 successive days. Group 1 served as untreated control and received 1ml/Kg of distilled water i.p. daily. Group 2 was given i.p. BBJ at a dose of 1.6g/kgb.wt. containing 5mg anthocyanin. Group 3 was given quercetin at dose of 75mg/Kgb.wt. Group 4 was treated with 10.3mg/kg b.wt of NaF. Group 5 was given i.p. BBJ followed by NaF at the same doses. Group 6 was given quercetin followed by NaF and finally group 7 was treated with BBJ and Q then followed by NaF as mentioned previous doses. Methodology: Some hematological parameters were determined. Serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase activities were as well as Original Research Articlelipid profile and total protein were evaluated as biomarkers for liver functions. The levels of uric acid and creatinine in serum were estimated. Hormones of testosterone and inhibin B were assessed. Results: Sodium fluoride (NaF) caused an elevation in serum transaminases and alkaline phosphatase and reduced serum total protein, testosterone, and inhibin-B levels as well as levels of uric acid and creatinine, and induced hematotoxicity. It increased all the parameters of lipid profile except the high density lipoprotein cholesterol level was decreased. The presence of Q or BBJ with NaF successfully mitigated liver and kidney functions, which was more pronounced with Q. Conclusion: It can be concluded that concomitant administration of Q or BBJ with NaF may be useful in reversing the toxicity of NaF in male rats.

No abstract

The present study elucidated the therapeutic effects of ALA administered in combination with DMN to minimize its renal toxicity.