Objective: Due to the lack of studies assessing hypovitaminosis D and secondary hyperparathyroidism in Brazilian HIV-infected population, especially in the northeastern population, this study aimed to determine the profile of these conditions in patients infected with HIV and its correlation with immuno-virological, sociodemographic data and associated comorbidities. Methods: Comparison studies were obtained from routine clinical samples of HIV infected patients submitted for 25-OH Vitamin D, PTH and alkaline phosphatase determination. Results: A total of 78 patients were included, 42 (53.8%) males, mean age 45.7 years. Antiretroviral regimens most used in this study were Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Efavirenz 17.9%, Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz 17.9%, Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Atazanavir-r 15.4%. The mean value CD4 count was 592.1 ± 247.2 cells/mm 3 , CD8 cell count was 1026.5 ± 467.3 cells/mm 3 , mean detectable viral load was 2220 ± 15703 copies and CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.63 ± 0.33. A total of 34 vitamin D dosages were collected with 41.2% representing sufficient amount and 58.8% insufficient. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) dosage was elevated in 49.3% (N=35) of the patients. Parathormone (PTH) was elevated in 18% (N = 11). Among patients with elevated PTH levels, 81.9% had elevated levels of ALP (p = 0.01). In the group of patients with high levels of ALP, 45.7% had a CD4 count < 500 cels/mm 3 (p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in vitamin D related to gender (p = 0.21), age (p = 0.23), CD4 count (p = 0.26), suppressed viral load (p = 0.44) or blood glucose (p = 0.45). Conclusions: This study evi-

The relationship between neurocysticercosis and the development of mesial temporal lobe sclerosis A relação entre neurocisticercose e o desenvolvimento de esclerose temporal mesialTo the editor: The work by Oliveira, et al. published in the journal last July addressed once again the interesting question regarding the relationship of chronic calcifications suggestive of neurocysticercosis (NC) and the development of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTE-HS)