Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize the concept of terrorism, terrorism financing, the relationship between money laundering and terrorism financing and the governance of terrorism financing. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopts a doctrinal, content analysis and secondary data, of which the Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorism Financing Act 2001 and the Penal Code are the primary sources. The secondary sources for this paper include articles in academic journals, books and online databases. Findings Several methods are involved in the commission of terrorism financing such as raising, moving and using of funds. The activities relating to terrorism financing under the Penal Code are broader than such activities. Despite the adherence by Malaysia to international policies established by the Financial Action Task Force, terrorism financing has remained a threat that must be addressed by the relevant authorities. Practical implications This paper could be a useful source of information for the practitioners, academicians, policymakers and students studying this particular area of crime. Originality/value This paper contributes to a discourse on terrorism financing in the Malaysian context.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has impulsively posed new challenges to many businesses and companies around the globe due to travel and business restrictions. COVID-19 which has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on the 11th of March 2020, which originated from Wuhan City, the People’s Republic of China has consequently crashed the downtime of the economy in Malaysia and caused a significant impact on the Small-to-Medium Enterprises (SMEs) business operation. The present study employs a mixed methodology, which includes an analysis of primary and secondary legal sources, and a questionnaires survey. The aim of this research is to identify the legal impacts on SMEs due to the COVID-19 pandemic influences on a business operation which will further assist policymakers to develop actionable policies and support the growth of SMEs in Malaysia. The government should be transparent in disseminating the post-COVID-19 data because it can be a thrust for the SMEs in planning their future agenda to “bounce back” the economic sectors effectively.