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The use of seclusion in learning disability services T he literature outlines a number of definitions for seclusion, most of which fit with the Code of Practice of the Mental Health Act, England and Wales (revised 1999) (Department of Health 1999a) [Q tHis WAs Also rEvisED in 2008. CAn you PlEAsE uPDAtE?], which states: 'seclusion is the supervised confinement of a patient in a room, which may be locked, to protect the patient and others from significant harm'. For the purpose of this article, it is important to distinguish between 'time out' and seclusion', as these two terms are being used interchangeably in practice and relevant research. in contrast to the definition of seclusion above, time out is the withdrawal or reduction of positive reinforcement for a set period following the target behaviour