Background: Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are a significant worldwide problem that causes viral respiratory tract infections affecting millions worldwide each year, especially in children and immunocompromised adults. Objective: To know the prevalence of HAdVs strains 3, 4, 7 among respiratory tract infected patients aged between 15–42 years in Anbar province (west of Iraq) using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) test with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done between 22th of January 2021 - October 11, 2021 to notice the frequency of HAdVs in Anbar governorate children and adults with respiratory infections from the various general hospitals and private clinics. Depending on our questionnaires, blood samples were taken from all those patients for hematological and serological parameters. The ELIZA test with PCR has been done depending on the manufacturer’s instructions. Results: A total of 104 respiratory tract Infected patients, 11(10.6%) patients were ELISA IgM positive, 9(8.7%) of ELISA IgM positive patients were positive using PCR technology. The 6(5.8%) patients were ELISA IgG positive for HAdV. Out of 32 mild pneumonia patients, 1(3.1%) was positive for HAdV using IgM ELIZA. Out of 46 moderate pneumonia patients, 6(13.0%) were positive for HAdV using IgM ELIZA. Out of 26 sever pneumonia patients, 4(15.4%) were positive for HAdV using IgM ELIZA. Out of 32 mild pneumonia patients, 1(3.1%) was positive for HAdV using IgM ELIZA. Out of 46 moderate pneumonia patients, 6(13.0%) were positive for HAdV using IgM ELIZA. Out of 26 sever pneumonia patients, 4(15.4%) were positive for HAdV using IgM ELIZA. Conclusion: The prevalence of HAdVs strain 7 in children with respiratory infection was 4.8%, whereas its prevalence in adults in age groups 18–50 and 51+ years was 2.9% for each group using the IgM ELIZA test.

Background: Recent research demonstrates the critical impact that cytokine storm and intensive immune response against the virus play in worsening the severity and death of illness. Biomarkers such as Procalcitonin (PCT), Serum Amyloid A (SAA) play a part in the etiology of severe COVID-19 and may serve as an early indicator for severity. Objective: The current study aimed to determine the serum concentrations of these laboratory biomarkers (PCT and SAA) in asymptomatic, moderate, severe and critical COVID-19 patients and to compare them to healthy controls. Patients and methods: A total of 100 patients by positive RT-PCR COVID-19 results besides a control group of 46 healthy participants with negative RT-PCR results. Patients were classified as 4 groups; critical, severe, moderate, or asymptomatic, according to WHO standards. Enzyme-Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA) was used by (CV Human Reader HS REF 16670) to measure PCT and SAA. Results: Mean level of PCT is 404.59 pg/ml and SAA 19.1 pg/ml among patients more than controls (127.65 and 10.64, respectively). Mean levels were higher among both PCT and SAA in critical (680.84 and 28.46, respectively) and severe (565.86 and 23.27, respectively) of other than moderate (226.98 and 13.71, respectively) and asymptomatic (144.67 and 10.75, respectively). Conclusion: There was a major alteration in the level of PCT and SAA among patients groups (critical, severe, moderate, and asymptomatic) and control group. A strong correlation was found between biomarkers high concentrations, old age, and chronic diseases with the disease severity.