Lorazepam is being used with increasing frequency as a sedative in the newborn and the young infant. Concern has been raised with regard to the safety of lorazepam in this age group, especially in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW; < 1,500 g) infants. Three young infants, all of birth weight < 1,500 g, experienced myoclonus following the intravenous administration of lorazepam. The potential neurotoxic effects of the drug (and its vehicle) in this population are discussed. Injectable lorazepam should be used with caution in VLBW infants.

Status epilepticus is due to a range of insults to the central nervous system and results in significant mortality rates, especially in the elderly. We review the current management of this disorder in light of the latest developments from recent trials and guidelines. Important principles in management includes early recognition of status epilepticus, identification of the underlying cause and prompt treatment to terminate seizures and reduce complications. The differentiation diagnosis, role of electroencephalographic monitoring and different treatment regimes are examined.

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