Elslager, et at. methanol Hydrochloride (23). Bromomethyl 2,6-bis(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-pyridyl ketone (lie) (2 g) was suspended in EtOH (40 ml).NaBH4 (250 mg) was added, and the mixt was stirred for 1 hr at room temp. HC1 (3 N) was added to decompose excess NaBH", and the mixt was neutralized with Na2C03. Water (50 ml) was added, and the mixt was filtered. The solid was washed with H20 (x 2, 20 ml) and dried in vacuo. There was obtained 1.6 g (95%) of crude epoxide, mp 138-145°, containing ca. 5% of an unknown by tic. The epoxide (1.5 g) and (n-C4H,)2NH (5 ml) in EtOH (25 ml) were heated at reflux for 3 hr (complete by tic). Solvent and excess amine were removed in vacuo. The residual oil in Et20-z-Pr0H was treated with a satd soln of HC1 in z-PrOH. The ppt was washed with Et20 (x 3, 20 ml). Recrystn from EtOH afforded 1.5 g (71%) of 23, mp 220-222°. The above procedure is typical of the prepn of the 4pyridinemethanols described in Table III.Derivatives. The V-oxides 4a and 23a were prepd by treating the parent compds 4 and 23, respectively (as the free bases), in Et20 with 40% Ac02H in AcOH. The mixt was stirred 2 hr at 25°. For 4a, the soln was washed with 20% NaOH (x 2) and water (x 2), and dried (Na2S04). The solvent was removed, and the residue was dissolved in Et20. Et20-HCl was added, and the ppt was recrystd (EtOH) to give 4a (HC1 salt), mp 172-174°. In the case of 23a, the crude product pptd from the Et20 reaction mixt as the AcOH salt. This ppt was slurried in MeOH and treated with a little coned HC1. Water was added to the soln to ppt 23a (HC1 salt), mp [174][175].The O-succinoyl derivative 4b was prepd by heating parent compd 4 (free base) and succinic anhydride in Me2CO for 1 hr. The solvent was removed. The residue was dissolved in Et20 and treated with dry HC1. The mixt was stirred at 25°with an equal vol of H20 for 1 hr. Filtration gave crude 4b, mp 149-153°(HC1 salt), recrystd from CH3CN.The zV-succinoyl derivative 3a was prepd from parent compd 3 (free base) by treating an Me2CO soln with succinic anhydride at 25°for 1 hr. The solvent was removed and recrystn from C6H6 gave 3a, mp 104-107°. Folate Antagonists. 2.2,4-Diamino-6-[ [aralkyl and (heterocyclic)methyl]amino}quinazolines, a Novel Class of Antimetabolites of Interest in Drug-Resistant Malaria and Chagas' Disease"*"' *

Background: Spontaneous reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is the cornerstone of pharmacovigilance. Despite this, it is believed that there is significant under-reporting in the veterinary setting. Low reporting rates delay marketing authorisation holders (MAHs) and regulators taking mitigating action in the case of safety concerns. Method: We designed a survey to explore the perceptions, attitudes and experiences of UK veterinary professionals towards ADR reporting. The survey was advertised widely through conventional and social media and at several conferences. Results: In total, 260 respondents completed the survey, including 210 veterinary surgeons, 49 veterinary nurses and one suitably qualified person. Respondents generally understood the need to report ADRs. The main barrier to reporting was the suspected ADR being well known, and the most popular potential facilitator identified was the ability to report via the practice management system. Facilitation via education in the form of a pharmacovigilance themed continuing professional development event was particularly popular among veterinary nurses, who reported time as being less of a barrier to reporting than their veterinary surgeon counterparts. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that technological interventions to facilitate reporting and empowerment of veterinary nurses to report through a tailored training event should be explored further.

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