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Commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) harms youth around the globe. In the United States, most states manage CSEC victims through the juvenile justice system. Once the youth enter the system, little is known about how being detained for prostitution and solicitation charges impacts them. This study explores how CSEC survivors in Nevada experience detention through a qualitative content analysis of 36 interviews with formerly detained young women. This article offers pivotal findings revealing patterns of stigmatization, turning points, obstacles, and relational breakthroughs while in detention. Treatment suggestions, proposed by the interviewees themselves, are also provided.

Study selection and assessment: randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared prophylactic use of any type of vitamin D with a control condition in community dwelling or institutionalised older people (mean age of study participants had to be >60 y) and included a methods section that stated how falls (the outcome) were defined and ascertained. Individual study quality was assessed using specified criteria that included allocation concealment, blinding, and withdrawals.Outcomes: low trauma falls defined as unintentionally coming to rest on the ground, floor, or other lower level. MAIN RESULTS5 RCTs (n = 1237) (mean age 70 y, 81% women) met the selection criteria. Comparisons included cholecalciferol (800 IU/d) plus calcium (1200 mg/d) with calcium (1200 mg/d)(2 RCTs); cholecalciferol (400 IU/d) plus calcium (800-1000 mg/d) from dairy products with placebo (1 RCT); calcitriol (0.5 mg/d) with placebo (1 RCT); and 1a-calcidiol (1 mg/d) with placebo (1 RCT). Meta-analyses using fixed and random effects models showed that fewer participants in the vitamin D group than in the control group had >1 fall (table). Furthermore, a sensitivity meta-analysis of the 10 ''potentially appropriate for inclusion RCTs'' (n = 10 001) showed that fewer participants in the vitamin D group than in the control group had >1 fall (relative risk reduction 13%, 95% CI 4 to 20). CONCLUSIONProphylactic use of vitamin D is effective for reducing falls in older people.

Studies on sexual revictimization have employed two distinct approaches: perpetrator-oriented and victim-oriented approaches. Although the former posits that sexual revictimization is associated with perpetrators’ aggressiveness and victim–offender proximity, the latter focuses on the effects of victims’ situational and behavioral factors. In addition to these conflicting approaches, studies have grappled with the fact that a large number of respondents have not experienced victimization, thereby impacting the analytical strategies that should be used. This study uses the data from the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey and employs stepwise zero-inflated and non-zero-inflated methods to examine the impact of perpetrator-oriented and victim-oriented approaches on sexual victimizations that occur by force and those that occur due to incapacitation while taking into consideration that the majority of respondents have not experienced the victimizations under study. Findings show that both perpetrator-oriented (particularly aggressiveness) and victim-oriented factors impact sexual revictimization. The implications of the findings and the limitations of this study are discussed.