Dengue fever is considered to be one of the most important arboviral diseases globally. Unsuccessful vector-control strategies might be due to the lack of sustainable community participation. The state of Colima, located in the Western region of Mexico, is a dengue-endemic area despite vector-control activities implemented, which may be due to an insufficient health economic analysis of these interventions. A randomized controlled community trial took place in five urban municipalities where 24 clusters were included. The study groups (n = 4) included an intervention to improve the community participation in vector control (A), ultra-low volume (ULV) spraying (B), both interventions (AB), and a control group. The main outcomes investigated were dengue cumulative incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and the direct costs per intervention. The cumulative incidence of dengue was 17.4%, A; 14.3%, B; 14.4%, AB; and 30.2% in the control group. The highest efficiency and effectiveness were observed in group B (0.526 and 6.97, respectively) and intervention A was more likely to be cost-effective ($3952.84 per DALY avoided) followed by intervention B ($4472.09 per DALY avoided). Our findings suggest that efforts to improve community participation in vector control and ULV-spraying alone are cost-effective and may be useful to reduce the vector density and dengue incidence.

Background Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease, highly predictable, and associated with different atherogenic indices (AI) in adults. However, such indexes in the pediatric population are far less explored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the AI and the cardiovascular factors in the pediatric population in the South-Southeast of México. Methods A total of 481 children between 2 and 17 years old were recruited. Anthropometric evaluation, blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) were measured, and AI were calculated. The population was grouped by age, binary logistic regression analysis was performed to analysis for associations of AI and cardiovascular risk factors. Sensibility and specificity of AI to detect metabolic alteration were evaluated for curve ROC. Results The atherogenic risk presented a high prevalence in the pediatric population, such as LDL-c/ApoB (86.9%), AIP (78%) and AC (36.6%). Preschoolers showed a higher risk of ApoB/ApoA-I and ApoB/LDL-c, while adolescents have a high risk of AIP. CRI-I and AC were associated with elements of lipid profile and body mass index (BMI). ROC curves analysis shows that AIP is the best index evaluating metabolic syndrome (MS) (0.87) and dyslipidemia (0.91). Conclusion Such pediatric population showed a high risk of AI, mainly by LDL-c/ApoB and AIP. The BMI was the cardiovascular risk factors most frequently related to AI, AIP is the best index for detecting cases of MS and dyslipidemia. This is the first study carried out in the pediatric population from the South-Southeast of Mexico that evaluated the AI.

Aproximación a la cohesión social y su relación con la mortalidad evitable en la niñez de Chiapas, México, 2015Approximation to the social cohesion and its relation with the avoidable mortality in Chiapas's childhood, Mexico, 2015

En este ensayo se analizan diversos indicadores de salud, de autopercepción de salud, y de uso de servicios de salud relativos a 2 558 mujeres de 15 a 49 años que habitan en localidades urbanas y rurales de municipios de alta y muy alta marginación socioeconómica de la región fronteriza de Chiapas. Las únicas que no presentaron condiciones tan desfavorables (socioeconómicas, de salud y uso de servicios) fueron las mujeres urbanas de alta marginación. Los bajos valores observados en diversos indicadores no correspondieron a un mayor uso de los servicios de salud, lo cual sugiere una baja percepción de riesgos a la salud. Se concluye que es necesario evaluar los programas de atención materno infantil en la región y realizar investigaciones sobre las percepciones de riesgo a la salud y su relación con el uso de los servicios respectivos. AbstractThis essay analyzes various indicators of health, self-perception of health and health service use among 2,558 women ages 15 to 49 that inhabit urban and rural localities in highly and extremely highly socioeconomically marginalized municipalities on the Chiapas border region. The only ones that do not suffer from such unfavorable socio-economic, health and service use conditions were urban women in highly marginalized areas. The low values observed in the various indicators did not correspond to a greater use of health services, which suggests a low perception of health risks. The authors conclude that it is necessary to evaluate the maternal and child health programs in the region and to conduct research on the perceptions of health risks and their relation to the use of the respective services.