Wireless‐powered volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are designed by combining an energy‐harvesting metamaterial (EH‐MM) and ionic thermoplastic polyurethane (i‐TPU) as a wireless sensing platform and VOCs sensing material within the microwave frequency, respectively. Using the multi‐analyte sensing capability of an i‐TPU film, the EH‐MM sensor can distinguish different VOCs such as toluene, hexane, ethanol, and acetone, which cause harmful effects on the human body, by simply obtaining the corresponding output voltage levels without any complicated analysis system. The proposed EH‐MM sensor also shows fast and immediate responses (<1 s), a wide range of VOCs concentrations (5–1000 ppm), and long‐term stability (>1 month) under ambient conditions. Moreover, by harvesting commercially accessible WiFi energy, the proposed sensor does not require any battery but can be operated wirelessly, representing a novel method for designing real‐time and battery‐free sensors with a reliable performance.
An interference‐free, flexible multimodal electronic skin matrix (3 × 3 pressure sensor array and four chemical sensors) combined with low‐power, monolithic integrated circuits with coplanar‐type thin‐film transistor arrays is demonstrated to detect mechanical and chemical stimuli simultaneously. This sensing platform is facilitated by a photocrosslinked ionic polymer film including ionic liquids, a solution‐processed amorphous oxide semiconductor, and a protective layer or microhole channel facilitated by a polydimethylsiloxane elastomer film. Consequently, a highly reliable piezocapacitive pressure‐sensing capability under a chemical variation is achieved with an electric double layer mechanism at the interface between the ionic polymer film and electrode. Moreover, selective olfactory detection to various chemicals with high sensitivity is achieved even under a pressing atmosphere via ion–gas interactions in the chemical sensor matrix. The proposed method is expected to contribute toward the practical realization of a new class of multimodal tactile sensors that reflect human–machine interactions.
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