SummaryAs the incidence of diabetes mellitus continues to increase in the United Kingdom, more diabetic patients will present for both elective and emergency surgery. Whilst the underlying pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 diabetes differs, there is much good evidence that controlling the blood glucose to > 10 mmol.l )1 in the peri-operative period for both types of diabetic patients improves outcome. This should be achieved with a glucose-insulin-potassium regimen in all type 1 diabetics and in type 2 diabetics undergoing moderate or major surgical procedures. After surgery, a decrease in the catabolic hormone response resulting from good analgesia and the avoidance of nausea and vomiting should allow early re-establishment of normal glycaemic control.

No abstract

No abstract

The regulation of memTNF by TACE on monocytes is an important regulatory event in the pro-inflammatory cytokine cascade. As monocytes are important in the inflammatory cascade, we suggest that the control of memTNF and TACE activity on monocytes may play a role in the pathophysiology of sepsis.