This study is conceived mainly to assess the impact of the public health expenditure on the infant mortality rate in Nigeria. The study made use of an ex-post facto research design and time series data spanning the period of twenty-four years (1994-2017). The data covered the Health Recurrent Expenditure (HRE), the Health Capital Expenditure (HCE) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Nigeria sourced the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin 2016 and the World Bank report. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data while Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique was used to estimate the model. The study revealed that both the HRE and the HCE by the government of Nigeria had a significant negative effect on the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) for the period of 24 years under review. Similarly, HRE had a more significant negative effect on the infant mortality rate than the HCE in this study. The authors, therefore, concluded that the Nigerian government at various levels should spend adequate funds on all the tiers of health care system in order to promote efficiency and effectiveness of the health sector. By so doing, it might lead to a phenomenal reduction in the current infant mortality rate in the country. Contribution/ Originality: This study contributes to the existing literature by examining jointly and separately both recurrent and capital components of the public healthcare expenditure and their respective impacts on the infant mortality rate in Nigeria. This has also "dove-tailed" into the methodology with respect to the research design and the statistical analysis. 1. INTRODUCTION How a nation funds its health care system tailored towards meeting maternal and child health need reflects on the mortality outcome. In this regard, Infant Mortality rate (IMR), has been used as measures of children"s health (Issa and Ouattara, 2005; Anyanwu and Erhijakpor, 2009). Some pieces of evidence on IMR indicate a significant reduction over the last century globally. However, according to Issa and Ouattara (2005) there exist dichotomous variations between developed and developing countries in this circumstance. Infant mortality is regarded as an important indicator of the availability, utilization and effectiveness of healthcare as it points to social, economic and environmental disparities in several developing countries (Anyanwu and Erhijakpor, 2009). A study conducted by Lawn et al. (2005) accounted for 10.7 million children under the age of five years that died each year. Specifically, 4