The current global situation requires urgent decision-making to reverse processes of mass extinction of thousands of species. As a way of showing the importance of joint actions in this process, we aim to present the concept of One Conservation as a new proposal for the integration of sustainability, in situ and ex situ conservation for the restoration of ecosystems. According to the United Nations, we are beginning the decade of ecosystem restoration and in association with the International Union for Conservation of Nature guidelines, we can join efforts in the conservation of the planet. The survival of many species of wild animals depends on the management of populations currently maintained in ex situ conditions (under human care). To facilitate the exchange of genetic material between in situ and ex situ populations, reproductive biotechniques have become a great tool, making it possible to restore species in their natural environments. For effective conservation to occur, there must be an integrated view of the problem as a whole, and action for solutions must take place jointly by different spheres of society. Even more, conservation must be carried out by the public sector, the private sector, the third sector, and not less importantly, the agricultural sector. Therefore, One Conservation is defined as an interconnection between ex situ and in situ conservation plans, anthropic actions in the environment, and research in different areas that encompass conservation.

No abstract

<p>Objetivou-se aqui aplicar diferentes enriquecimentos ambientais a dois indivíduos de tamanduá-mirim (<em>Tamandua tetradactyla</em>) do Aquário de São Paulo em três fases: (1) pré-enriquecimento; (2) enriquecimento; (3) pós-enriquecimento. Alterações nas frequências de alguns comportamentos interativos e associados à locomoção foram observadas para ambos os indivíduos, de forma a apontar que a aplicação dos enriquecimentos teria favorecido nos animais maior atividade, promovendo estímulos e refletindo, portanto, maior bem-estar, além de contribuir para o aumento da variabilidade e complexidade do ambiente onde estes são mantidos.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Palavras chave</strong>: Comportamento Animal, Etologia, Xenarthra, Vermilingua.</p>

Nurse sharks are vulnerable of extinction in Brazil. Although its reproductive behavioral repertoire is already known, including indications that females are not passive to the attempts of males, no indication of proceptive behavior of females of this species is known. Considering that proceptive behavior is what initiates or increases the probability of a male exhibiting sexual behaviors directed at a female, the present study carried out behavioral observations in two groups of nurse sharks in reproductive period to identify possible proceptive behaviors. The present work identified a new behavior, here referred to as Body Movement (BM), as an indicator of proceptivity. This behavior corresponded on average to 47.68% of the reproductive behaviors performed by the females and its occurrence was positively correlated (r = 0.5143341 / p = 0.04152-Spearman) with the occurrence of socio-reproductive behaviors of males. Being able to identify signs of proceptivity in animals is important to understand the reproductive context in which a group is found and to allow greater attention to animals that are able to reproduce, in order to create more efficient reproductive management programs to develop long-term sustainable population management.

No abstract