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Geochemical survey and metalworking: analysis of chemical residues derived from experimental nonferrous metallurgical processes in a reconstructed roundhouse, Journal of Archaeological Science (2014Science ( ), doi: 10.1016Science ( /j.jas.2014 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT *principle author for correspondenceAbstract: Geochemical survey is becoming a more frequently applied tool for site specific archaeological investigation. It has the potential to integrate site prospection and excavation data with post excavation artefact analysis, unifying two stages of the archaeological process. In the field of archaeometallurgy this is particularly relevant as sites of metalworking are liable to produce high geochemical loadings, related to the manufacture of metal goods and associated waste products such as slags. This paper describes the geochemical survey of an 'experiential' metalworking area within a reconstructed roundhouse, identifying geochemical enhancements associated with bronze and lead working. The geochemical survey of the roundhouse clearly defines areas of metalworking that can be related to recollected episodes of metalworking and quantifies the spatial distribution and absolute geochemical loadings from this activity. Consideration is given to how such geochemical enhancements should be archaeologically interpreted and whether geochemistry should be viewed as a micro-artefact and dealt with in a context specific way. It is suggested that geochemical survey can play an important role in defining evidence of metallurgy in archaeological investigations, particularly where such evidence remains elusive, e.g. the British Bronze Age.Keywords: metallurgy, geochemistry, metal pollution, spatial survey, GIS IntroductionGeochemical survey is becoming a more widely practised technique within archaeological research (Oonk et al. 2009a;Wilson 2009), which has the potential to identify evidence of anthropogenic activity that is otherwise invisible to conventional archaeological methods, i.e. the hidden site, context or landscape (Heron 2001). Despite this potential, geochemical survey has yet to establish itself as a technique that can consistently offer results demonstrably linked to human activities within the archaeological record (Oonk et al. 2009b), partly due to the difficulty in interpreting multifaceted geochemical data; "because of the complexity of site use history and the effects of post depositional processes" (Wilson et al. 2008). Archaeological geochemical survey has been applied on a variety of scales, ranging M A N ...

Archaeology is a practice that draws. It also encounters many kinds of drawing among the entities it studies. This chapter uses drawing research conducted by four visual artists working in archaeological environments to explore drawing in art and archaeology. Following recent drawing scholarship, it understands drawing as part of an expanded field. Drawing concerns the relations among gestures, traces, and marks. Both action and the traces of action, it inhabits a condition of perpetual becoming and betweenness. Expanding conventional notions of drawing, it is argued, benefits archaeology by opening up a wider spectrum of its practices and objects to philosophies of drawing. Bringing archaeology into conversation with interdisciplinary drawing research creates new opportunities for future archaeologies of contemporary drawing.

This article emerges from collaboration with visual artist Janet Hodgson on excavations around Stonehenge. Experiencing Hodgson at work led me to re-examine how archaeologists think about visuality, particularly in criticism of the male gaze. Ideas of the gaze have significantly influenced the directions taken in studies of landscape and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) over the last 15 years. In this article I expand on and develop theoretical debate surrounding the gaze, using Hodgson's practice to illustrate my argument. I argue for a renewed critique of the politics of vision and cartographic method that assimilates recent theoretical developments. I review accounts of the gaze, and discuss recent theories of knowledge as applied to mapping and GIS. I suggest that new theories have the potential to move the gaze critique towards further exploration of the contextual complexities of visualities. I use Hodgson's artistic projects at Stonehenge to illustrate this complexity.