INTRODUCTIONThe anatomy's study has a fundamental role in the health area courses, but the approach towards it has been inappropriate at many times. The challenging terminology and the difficult handling of the anatomic pieces require compatibility between the teaching method and the student's preferences. As shown in many studies, a large number of students are not satisfied with anatomy's teaching methods and do not learn as much as they think they could.OBJECTIVEThis study seeks to develop an effective tool for the learning of anatomy, using QR codes linked to information on determined muscles.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe elected structures for this study were the gastrocnemius (GM) and the rectus femoris (RFM) muscles. We selected dissected anatomical specimens from the collection of the Department of Morphology, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences which GM and RFM were intact and with well visible belly and attachments. To approach them, we photographed and produced digital content with information about their origin, insertion, and action, along with additional topics. The website used to produce this content was “Wix.com” each link was associated with a QR code.RESULTSThe QR codes were printed and attached to the specimen in a way that students could use their cell phones to scan the codes and access the content corresponding to the muscle in question (Figure 1). The photo of the dissected muscle is then displayed on the screen accompanied by the basic function and fixation information (Figure 2). In this same screen, a link for those who want more information about this muscle, such as irrigation, innervation and clinical applications (Figure 3). This tool can be used by either IOS or Android phones.CONCLUSIONThe final result will be of value to increase the undergraduate's performance and will contribute to the development of different teaching methods, stimulating the student to use his own cell phone as a tool to aid his study alongside the dissected anatomical specimen.Support or Funding InformationPiBiC, CNPq 2018, BrazilThis abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Pediatric airway management can be difficult and especially hazardous due to a number of anatomical features of the developing aerodigestive tract (ADT), which is so different from the adult. Such differences have been presented annually since 2013 at EB meetings (Micham and Laitman, 2013; Curcio et al., 2014; Curcio and Laitman, 2015; Meaike et al., 2016; Gupta et al., 2016; Curcio et al., 2017, Curcio and Laitman, 2018). Particularly in regards to clinical applications involved in airway management procedures, our attention has been drawn to bedside tests that have been used to predict difficult intubation and difficult laryngoscopy in infants and young children. In stage 1 of this study we compiled a multi‐field database review of the mostly used bedside tests that predict difficult intubation of infants under 5 months of post‐natal life. We verified that ease of tracheal tube passage depends on the size of the cricoid ‐ the circular or near circular cartilage located at the inferior most portion of the funnel‐shaped infant larynx. We also selected the Laryngoscore (Piazza et al. 2014; 2018; Incandela et al, 2018), the frontal plane to chin distance, and the FPCD/weight ratio (Mansano et al., 2016) to be included in the next stages of this study. Our hypothesis is that it might be possible to adapt and increase the accuracy of such bedside tests and protocols that predict difficult intubation and laryngoscopy in infants and young children. This study is part of a larger project designed by our Brazilian‐US joint research team that seeks to explore possibilities and optimize airway management in elective procedures, critical and emergency care of pediatric patients under 5 months of age.Support or Funding InformationIn conjunction with the Building Bridges initiatives. Funded in part by CNPq ‐ Brazilian National Counsel of Technological Development.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Objective: to identify variables related to pleural complications in patients undergoing tube thoracostomies due to traumatic injuries. Method: we conducted a prospective observational study from May/2019 to January/2021 including adult trauma patients submitted to tube thoracostomies after hospital admission. Patients undergoing thoracotomies as the initial treatment were not included. We excluded patients with suspected and confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis during the hospitalization. Pleural complications were defined as clotted hemothorax, residual pneumothorax and empyema. Students t, Mann Whitneys, Chi square and Fishers exact test were used to compare variables between groups. We considered p<0.05 as significant. Results: we analyzed 68 patients. The mean age was 36.0 + 12.6 years and 91.2% were male. The mean RTS and ISS were, respectively, 7.0 ± 1.6 and 15.9 ± 7.6. The most frequent trauma mechanism was stab wounds in 50.0%, followed by blunt trauma in 38.2%. The severity of thoracic injuries was stratified (AIS) as 2 (4.4%), 3 (80.9%), 4 (13.2%), e 5 (1.5%). Pleural complications happened in 14 (20.5%) patients, being clotted / residual hemothorax (11.8%), residual pneumothorax (4.4%), empyema (2.9%) and miscellaneous (1.4%). These patients were treated by thoracoscopy (5), thoracotomy (3), chest re-drainage (3) and clinical measures alone (3). There was a significant association between pleural complications with the time of permanence (p<0,001) and the necessity of relocation (p<0,001) of the drain. Conclusion: the predictors of pleural complications in this series were time of permanence and the necessity of relocation of the drain.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar as variáveis relacionadas às complicações pleurais em vítimas de trauma submetidas a drenagem torácica. Método: estudo observacional prospectivo entre maio/2019 e janeiro/2021, incluindo adultos submetidos a drenagem torácica após a admissão hospitalar para tratamento de lesões traumáticas. Pacientes que desenvolveram COVID19 foram excluídos. As complicações pleurais foram caracterizadas como: pneumotórax residual, hemotórax residual / coagulado e empiema pleural. Comparamos as variáveis coletadas entre os grupos de pacientes com e sem estas complicações. Os testes t de Student, Mann Whitney, Chi quadrado e Fisher foram utilizados para análise estatística. Foram considerados significativos valores de p<0,05. Resultados: analisamos 68 casos, com média etária de 36,0 + 12,6 anos, de RTS de 7,0 ± 1,6 e ISS de 15,9 ± 7,6, sendo 62 (91,2%) do sexo masculino. Trinta e quatro pacientes (50,0%) foram vítimas de ferimento por arma branca. O AIS das lesões torácicas foi classificado como 2 (4,4%), 3 (80,9%), 4 (13,2%), e 5 (1,5%). As complicações pleurais ocorreram em 14 casos (20,5%), sendo hemotórax residual / coagulado em 8 casos (11,8%), pneumotórax residual em 3 (4,4%), o empiema pleural em 2 (2,9%) e associações em 1 (1,4%). Estas complicações foram tratadas por videotoracoscopia (5 casos), toracotomia (3), redrenagem de tórax (3) e medidas clínicas apenas (3). A redrenagem de tórax (p<0,001) e o tempo de permanência do dreno (p<0,001) tiveram relação significativa com a presença de complicações pleurais. Conclusão: a redrenagem do tórax e o maior tempo de permanência do dreno foram associados às complicações pleurais.